Shloka 7

Nidāna of Mūtraghāta and Aśmarī: Doṣa-based Types, Signs, and Named Urinary Syndromes

Devanagari script

मूत्रं सपित्तं सकफं सशुक्रं वा तदा क्रमात् / संजायते ऽश्मरी घोरा पित्तं गोरिव रोचना

Transliteration

mūtraṃ sapittaṃ sakaphaṃ saśukraṃ vā tadā kramāt / saṃjāyate 'śmarī ghorā pittaṃ goriva rocanā

Translation

Wenn der Harn der Reihe nach mit pitta, mit kapha oder sogar mit śukra (Samen) vermischt wird, entsteht mit der Zeit die schreckliche aśmarī (Harnstein); und pitta wird leuchtend gelb wie das helle Pigment namens gorocanā.

Word by Word

• मूत्रम्: urine
• मूत्रम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (1/2); neuter nom/acc sg

• सपित्तम्: with pitta
• सपित्तम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + पित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पित्तयुक्तम्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; neuter nom/acc sg

• सकफम्: with kapha
• सकफम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + कफ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कफयुक्तम्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; neuter nom/acc sg

• सशुक्रम्: with semen
• सशुक्रम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + शुक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: शुक्रयुक्तम्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; neuter nom/acc sg

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (or)

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (then)

• क्रमात्: gradually/in sequence
• क्रमात्: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी एकवचन (5) रूपेण अव्ययीभाव (ablatival adverb): क्रमात् = क्रमशः; ‘in due order/gradually’

• संजायते: arises/comes into being
• संजायते: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + जन् √जन् ‘to be born’ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; present indicative, 3rd sg; आत्मनेपद

• अश्मरी: urinary calculus/stone
• अश्मरी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्मरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (1); nominative singular

• घोरा: terrible/severe
• घोरा: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; nominative singular (agreeing with अश्मरी)

• पित्तम्: bile/pitta
• पित्तम्: Upamana/Upameya (Comparand/उपमेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; neuter nom/acc sg

• गोर्: of a cow
• गोर्: Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी एकवचन (6) छन्दसि/सन्धौ ‘गोर्’ (गोः); genitive singular

• इव: like
• इव: Upamana-marker (Simile/उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमावाचक-अव्यय (particle of comparison)

• रोचना: (cow’s) bile/yellow pigment
• रोचना: Upamana (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोचना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; nominative singular; (गोरोचना = cow’s bile/yellow pigment)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Pitta/Kapha

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Etiological progression: admixture of doṣic elements (pitta/kapha) and śukra in urine leads over time to āśmarī (urinary calculus).

Vedantic Theme: Time-bound maturation of causes into effects (kārya-kāraṇa-bhāva) within the body; impermanence of bodily ease.

Application: Treat early doṣa admixture and urinary abnormalities promptly to prevent stone formation; monitor color/consistency changes as warning signs.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.158: āśmarī nidāna and pūrvarūpa (preliminary signs) sequence; Adjacent verses describing kapha-rootedness and bladder distension as prodromes

Characters & Entities

• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of aśmarī (urinary stone) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames aśmarī as a serious disorder arising from impurity/mixture in urine linked to doṣic factors (pitta, kapha) and śukra, showing the text’s practical, health-oriented teaching alongside dharma topics.

How does this verse explain the mechanism behind disease formation?

It describes a gradual (kramāt) progression: urine becomes mixed with pitta/kapha/śukra, and over time that compounded imbalance concretizes into a painful calculus (aśmarī), with pitta’s hallmark yellow coloration compared to gorocanā.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat worsening urinary symptoms as progressive and address underlying heat (pitta) and mucus/heaviness (kapha) factors early through diet, hydration, and timely medical care, rather than waiting for the condition to harden into a stone.