Shloka 11

Madātyaya Nidāna and Lakṣaṇa: Liquor’s Qualities, Tridoṣa Presentations, and Fainting Signs

Devanagari script

सामान्यलक्षणं तेषां प्रमोहो हृदयव्यथा / विभेदं प्रसभं तृष्णा सौम्यो ग्लानिर्ज्वरो ऽरुचिः

Transliteration

sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ teṣāṃ pramoho hṛdayavyathā / vibhedaṃ prasabhaṃ tṛṣṇā saumyo glānirjvaro 'ruciḥ

Translation

Ihre gemeinsamen Symptome sind: geistige Umnebelung, Schmerz in der Herzgegend, heftiger Durchfall, starker Durst, ein mildes (niedriggradiges) Befinden, Mattigkeit, Fieber und Appetitlosigkeit.

Word by Word

• सामान्यलक्षणम्: general symptom
• सामान्यलक्षणम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सामान्य-लक्षण (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘सामान्यं लक्षणम्’

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• प्रमोहः: deep delusion/stupor
• प्रमोहः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमोह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• हृदयव्यथा: pain in the heart/chest
• हृदयव्यथा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृदय-व्यथा (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘हृदयस्य व्यथा’

• विभेदम्: piercing pain/splitting (ache)
• विभेदम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विभेद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; (लक्षण-शब्दः)

• प्रसभम्: violently
• प्रसभम्: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रसभ (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाववत्)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण ‘forcibly/violently’

• तृष्णा: thirst
• तृष्णा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तृष्णा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सौम्यः: mild/benign
• सौम्यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सौम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (मृदु/शीतल)

• ग्लानिः: fatigue/lassitude
• ग्लानिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्लानि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ज्वरः: fever
• ज्वरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अरुचिः: loss of appetite
• अरुचिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Awareness of bodily and mental signs supports self-care and restraint; recognizing illness is part of responsible living.

Vedantic Theme: Mind-body interdependence (antaḥkaraṇa affected by bodily imbalance); suffering as a prompt for discipline.

Application: Use symptom recognition to seek timely care; reduce causative factors (e.g., alcohol excess), restore diet, rest, and hydration.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: continued madātyaya symptomatology and classifications in adjacent verses (contextual internal continuity).

Characters & Entities

• Garuda
• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the importance of listing symptoms in Garuda Purana?

This verse provides a compact diagnostic set—delusion, heart-region pain, diarrhoea, thirst, fatigue, fever, and anorexia—used to recognize the general presentation of the afflictions being discussed in the chapter.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: by describing bodily and mental distress (like pramoha and glāni), it highlights how embodied suffering can cloud clarity and urgency, prompting dharmic living, timely rites, and spiritual preparation emphasized elsewhere in the Garuda Purana.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat these as warning signs—especially confusion, persistent fever, dehydration from diarrhoea, and appetite loss—seek appropriate care, and use the reminder to maintain disciplined conduct, cleanliness, and mindful living.