Shloka 11

Śvāsa-nidāna: Etiology, Types, Symptom Progression, and Fatal Prognosis

Devanagari script

स याप्यस्तमकः साध्यो नरस्य बलिनो भवेत् / ज्वरमूर्छावतः सीतैर्न शाम्येत्प्रथमस्तु सः

Transliteration

sa yāpyastamakaḥ sādhyo narasya balino bhavet / jvaramūrchāvataḥ sītairna śāmyetprathamastu saḥ

Translation

Jene Krankheit, die yāpya-astamaka genannt wird, ist behandelbar und kann bei einem kräftigen Mann geheilt werden; doch bei einem, der von Fieber und Ohnmacht heimgesucht ist, lässt sie anfangs selbst durch kühlende Maßnahmen nicht nach.

Word by Word

• सः: he/that (disease)
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• याप्य: manageable; palliable
• याप्य: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: याप्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; रोगविशेषण (curable/amenable to management)

• तमकः: tamaka (asthma)
• तमकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; रोगनाम (asthma-like disease)

• साध्यः: curable
• साध्यः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: साध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; साध्य = curable

• नरस्य: of a man
• नरस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन

• बलिनः: strong
• बलिनः: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बलिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन; नरस्य विशेषण (qualifier of 'man')

• भवेत्: would be
• भवेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• ज्वरमूर्छावतः: of one having fever and fainting
• ज्वरमूर्छावतः: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्वर + मूर्छा + वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन; द्वन्द्वसमासः (jvara-mūrcchā) + वत् (possessing); नरस्य विशेषण

• सीतैः: by cold (remedies/things)
• सीतैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचन; द्रव्यवाचक (cold things/agents)

• न: not
• न: Pratishedha (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)

• शाम्येत्: would subside; be pacified
• शाम्येत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शम् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• प्रथमः: the first (type)
• प्रथमः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्रमवाचक (ordinal)

• तु: but
• तु: Sambandha (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषार्थक अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)

• सः: that (one)
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Prognosis (sādhya/asādhya nuance): yāpya-astamaka is manageable/curable in the strong; complicated cases resist immediate palliation even with cooling.

Vedantic Theme: Kārya-kāraṇa (causal complexity) in embodied life; outcomes depend on multiple conditions (bala, upadrava).

Application: Assess strength and complications before choosing therapy; do not expect immediate relief in fever-fainting states; persist with appropriate staged care.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.150 (classification: yāpya/sādhya; upadrava like jvara, mūrcchā)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of yāpya-astamaka in the Garuda Purana?

This verse classifies yāpya-astamaka as a condition that can be managed and even cured in a robust person, showing the text’s focus on prognosis and patient strength in healing.

How does this verse explain the role of symptoms like fever and fainting?

It states that when fever and fainting accompany the condition, the illness does not calm down quickly—highlighting complication-signs that delay relief even with cooling treatments.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

It encourages assessing overall strength and complications (like fever with fainting) before expecting quick relief, and seeking appropriate medical care rather than relying only on symptomatic cooling measures.