Shloka 112

Vishnu-sahasranāma-style Japa: Vishnu as Cosmic Cause and Inner Self

Antaryāmin

Devanagari script

शार्ङ्गपाणिश्च कृष्णश्च ज्ञानमूर्तिः परन्तपः / तपस्वी ज्ञानगम्यो हि ज्ञानी ज्ञानविदेव च

Transliteration

śārṅgapāṇiśca kṛṣṇaśca jñānamūrtiḥ parantapaḥ / tapasvī jñānagamyo hi jñānī jñānavideva ca

Translation

Śārṅgapāṇi —Kṛṣṇa— ist die Verkörperung des Wissens, der Bezwinger der Feinde; ein Asket, erreichbar durch wahre Erkenntnis; der Wissende und auch der Offenbarer des Wissens.

Word by Word

• शार्ङ्ग: Śārṅga (the bow)
• शार्ङ्ग: Upapada (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शार्ङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (नाम), प्रातिपदिकार्थ (समासाङ्ग)

• पाणिः: one whose hand holds the Śārṅga bow
• पाणिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाणि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; समासः: शार्ङ्ग-पाणिः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: 'शार्ङ्गं यस्य पाणौ')

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Coordination/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction/particle)

• कृष्णः: Kṛṣṇa
• कृष्णः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Coordination/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction/particle)

• ज्ञान: knowledge
• ज्ञान: Upapada (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिकार्थ (समासाङ्ग)

• मूर्तिः: embodiment of knowledge
• मूर्तिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूर्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; समासः: ज्ञान-मूर्तिः (कर्मधारयः: 'ज्ञानरूपा मूर्तिः')

• परन्तपः: scorcher of foes
• परन्तपः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परन्तप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• तपस्वी: ascetic; one practicing austerity
• तपस्वी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• ज्ञान: by/through knowledge
• ज्ञान: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन (instrumental sense in compound-resolution)

• गम्यः: attainable; knowable
• गम्यः: Visheshana (Adjectival predicate/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गम्य (कृदन्त; √गम् (धातु) + यत्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• हि: indeed; for
• हि: Hetu (Reason marker/हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: हेतौ/निश्चयार्थ-निपात (particle: indeed/for)

• ज्ञानी: knower; wise one
• ज्ञानी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञानिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• ज्ञान: knowledge
• ज्ञान: Upapada (Compound member/समासाङ्ग)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिकार्थ (समासाङ्ग)

• वित्: knower of knowledge
• वित्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद् (प्रातिपदिक; 'वित्' = knowing)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; समासः: ज्ञान-वित् (तत्पुरुषः: 'ज्ञानं वेत्ति')

• एव: indeed
• एव: Avadharana (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Coordination/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction/particle)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: The Supreme (Kṛṣṇa, Śārṅgapāṇi) is the embodiment and revealer of knowledge; He is attained through true knowledge and tapas aligned with wisdom.

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara as the source of vidyā; jñāna as both means and manifestation of the Lord; harmony of tapas and jñāna for realization.

Application: Pursue disciplined study and contemplation with devotion: treat learning as worship; align austerity (tapas) with ethical living and clarity of understanding.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.15.111 (iconic attributes; knowable by mind/intellect)

Characters & Entities

• Kṛṣṇa
• Śārṅgapāṇi (Viṣṇu)

FAQs

What is the importance of Vishnu/Krishna being called jñānamūrtiḥ in the Garuda Purana?

This verse presents Kṛṣṇa (Vishnu) as knowledge itself—implying that liberation-oriented wisdom culminates in realizing the divine source and teacher of that knowledge.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By stating that the Lord is 'jñānagamya' (attainable through knowledge), it emphasizes inner realization—right understanding and spiritual discipline—as a direct means toward freedom from bondage.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate disciplined study, contemplation, and ethical living (tapas), and align one’s devotion toward the divine as the source of true discernment.