Shloka 4

Devanagari script

व्यायामं च व्यवायं च दिवास्वप्नमथाञ्जनम् / शिलाषिष्टं मसूरं च द्वादश्यां वर्जयेन्नरः

Transliteration

vyāyāmaṃ ca vyavāyaṃ ca divāsvapnamathāñjanam / śilāṣiṣṭaṃ masūraṃ ca dvādaśyāṃ varjayennaraḥ

Translation

Am Dvādaśī-Tag soll der Mensch körperliche Anstrengung, Geschlechtsverkehr, Tagesschlaf und das Auftragen von Añjana (Kohl) meiden; ebenso soll er Speise, die auf einer Steinplatte gekocht wurde, und Masūra-Linsen vermeiden.

Word by Word

• व्यायामम्: exercise
• व्यायामम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यायाम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• व्यवायम्: sexual intercourse
• व्यवायम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यवाय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• दिवास्वप्नम्: daytime sleep
• दिवास्वप्नम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिवा (अव्यय) + स्वप्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (दिवायाः स्वप्नः/दिवा-समये स्वप्नः)

• अथ: then/also
• अथ: Sambandha (Discourse marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अनन्तरार्थक-अव्यय (then/also)

• अञ्जनम्: collyrium/eye-ointment
• अञ्जनम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अञ्जन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शिलाषिष्टम्: stone-ground residue/paste
• शिलाषिष्टम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिला (प्रातिपदिक) + शिष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (शिलायाः शिष्टम् = stone-ground residue/stone-ground paste)

• मसूरम्: lentil
• मसूरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मसूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• द्वादश्याम्: on the Dvādaśī (12th lunar day)
• द्वादश्याम्: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• वर्जयेत्: should avoid
• वर्जयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वर्ज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• नरः: a man/person
• नरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Dvādaśī-niṣedha: avoiding certain acts/foods to preserve vrata-śuddhi and sattva.

Vedantic Theme: Indriya-nigraha as a support for bhakti and antaḥkaraṇa-śuddhi.

Application: On Dvādaśī: avoid heavy exertion, sex, daytime sleep, kohl/anjana, stone-slab cooked food, and masūra; keep the day light, pure, and devotional.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.136 (Dvādaśī-vrata/vidhi sequence)

Characters & Entities

• Dvādaśī

FAQs

What is the importance of Dvādaśī observance in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames Dvādaśī as a discipline-focused day: reducing sensory indulgence and bodily strain supports purity and steadiness in vrata practice.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul in the Garuda Purana?

Indirectly, it emphasizes dhārmic self-restraint (vrata-niyama). Such conduct is presented across the Purana as supportive of merit (puṇya) and spiritual progress rather than detailing after-death geography here.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

If observing Dvādaśī, keep the day light and sattvic: avoid heavy exertion, daytime naps, sexual activity, and traditionally restricted foods; prioritize japa, prayer, and simple meals.