Shloka 20

Budhāṣṭamī / Mahārudra Vrata: Procedure, Mantra, and the Story of Kauśika and Vijayā

अथोद्विग्ना कोशिकोक्तं ज्ञात्वा मुक्तिप्रदं व्रतम् / चक्रे च सा ततो मुक्ता माता तस्माच्चरेद्व्रतम्

athodvignā kośikoktaṃ jñātvā muktipradaṃ vratam / cakre ca sā tato muktā mātā tasmāccaredvratam

Dann, in Unruhe, erfuhr sie von Kośika das Gelübde, das Befreiung schenkt. Sie vollzog es und wurde daraufhin erlöst; darum soll eine Mutter dieses Gelübde einhalten.

अथthen
अथ:
Sambandha (Discourse marker/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formआरम्भ/अनन्तरार्थक-अव्यय (then/thereupon)
उद्विग्नाdistressed/agitated
उद्विग्ना:
Karta (Qualifier of subject/कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउद् + विग्न (प्रातिपदिक; √विज्/विग् भाव)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘सा’ इत्यस्य विशेषण
कौशिकोक्तम्said by Kauśika
कौशिकोक्तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootकौशिक + उक्त (प्रातिपदिक; √वच्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (कौशिकेन उक्तम्)
ज्ञात्वाhaving known/understood
ज्ञात्वा:
Kriya (Gerundial action/पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive)
मुक्तिप्रदम्granting liberation
मुक्तिप्रदम्:
Karma (Qualifier of object/कर्मविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमुक्ति + प्रद (प्रातिपदिक; √दा/प्रदा)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘व्रतम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषण; समासः—तत्पुरुष (मुक्तिं प्रददाति)
व्रतम्the vow
व्रतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
चक्रेperformed
चक्रे:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात
साshe
सा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Sambandha (Sequence marker/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअपादान/अनन्तरार्थक-अव्यय (thereupon/from that)
मुक्ताfreed
मुक्ता:
Karta (Qualifier of subject/कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootमुच् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘माता’ इत्यस्य विशेषण
माताthe mother
माता:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Hetu/Apadana (Cause/from that/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (हेतु/अपादान), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
चरेत्should practice/observe
चरेत्:
Kriya (Injunctive/vidhi)
TypeVerb
Rootचर् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्-लकार (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
व्रतम्the vow
व्रतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda)

Afterlife Stage: Moksha

Concept: A specific vrata can be ‘mukti-prada’—capable of loosening bondage and granting release from suffering; ritual discipline functions as a salvific remedy.

Vedantic Theme: Upāya (means) toward liberation: purification and grace mediated through dharmic observance; movement from bondage (bandha) to release (mokṣa).

Application: Adopt disciplined observances (vrata, japa, charity) as corrective practices when facing consequences; seek guidance from the wise and act promptly.

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: vrata-kathā sections where specific observances remove pāpa and alter gati; Garuda Purana: mokṣa-oriented teachings that combine dharma (vrata) with devotion

K
Kośika

FAQs

This verse states that a specific vow, when properly understood and performed, becomes a direct cause of ‘mukti’ (spiritual release), highlighting vrata as a practical dharmic means toward liberation.

It presents a simple sequence—right instruction (from Kośika), understanding, and disciplined observance—leading to freedom, implying that correct guidance and practice are essential steps on the moksha path.

Seek authentic instruction before undertaking vows, follow them with consistency and purity of intent, and treat dharmic observances as inner discipline—not merely external ritual.