Shloka 3

Nīti-saṅgraha: Conduct, Association, Kali-yuga Decline, and the Supremacy of Vidyā

धन्यास्ते ये न पश्यन्ति देशभङ्गं कुलक्षयम् / परचित्तगतान् दारान्पुत्रं कुव्यसने स्थितम्

dhanyāste ye na paśyanti deśabhaṅgaṃ kulakṣayam / paracittagatān dārānputraṃ kuvyasane sthitam

Selig sind jene, die nicht mit ansehen müssen: den Untergang ihres Landes, das Erlöschen ihres Geschlechts, Ehefrauen, deren Herz zu einem anderen gegangen ist, und einen Sohn, der in niedrige Süchte und Laster gefallen ist.

धन्याःfortunate
धन्याः:
Viśeṣaṇa (Predicate adjective/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootधन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (ते)
तेthey
ते:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
येwho
ये:
Sambandha (Relative connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)
not
:
Pratiṣedha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation)
पश्यन्तिsee
पश्यन्ति:
Kriyā (Main action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootपश् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
देशभङ्गम्the ruin of the country
देशभङ्गम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदेश + भङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
कुलक्षयम्the destruction of the family/lineage
कुलक्षयम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकुल + क्षय (प्रातिपदिक; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
परचित्तगतान्gone to another's mind (attached elsewhere)
परचित्तगतान्:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपर + चित्त + गत (प्रातिपदिक; तत्पुरुष-समास)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (गत), विशेषण (दारान्)
दारान्wives
दारान्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदार (प्रातिपदिक; बहुवचन-प्रयोगः)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
कुव्यसनेin bad addiction/misfortune
कुव्यसने:
Adhikaraṇa (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकु + व्यसन (प्रातिपदिक; तत्पुरुष-समास)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
स्थितम्situated, fallen (into)
स्थितम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (पुत्रम्)

Lord Viṣṇu (speaking to Garuḍa / Vinatā-putra)

Concept: Worldly suffering intensifies when foundational supports—country, family line, marital trust, and children’s virtue—collapse.

Vedantic Theme: Duḥkha arising from attachment to unstable worldly structures; impetus toward vairāgya and dharmic vigilance.

Application: Invest in community resilience and ethical family culture; address addiction early; cultivate trust and communication; prepare for social instability without losing moral compass.

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: nīti passages on family decline, bad progeny, and social ruin (general thematic parallel)

FAQs

This verse treats kulakṣaya as a major visible form of adharma’s consequence—when values, stability, and right conduct collapse in a family line, suffering multiplies across generations.

Indirectly, it frames worldly misery as the fruit of moral and social disorder—especially addiction and betrayal—reinforcing that dharmic living is foundational before discussing post-death consequences elsewhere in the Purāṇa.

Protect family and community wellbeing through sobriety, fidelity, and responsible conduct; prevent “kuvyasana” early through discipline, good company, and dharmic habits.