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Shloka 10

Nīti on Friendship (Mitra), Discretion, Restraint, Health-Regimens, Prosperity (Śrī), and Family Dharma

Devanagari script

एक वै सेवते नित्यमन्यश्चेतपि रोचते / पुरुषाणामलाभेन नारी चैव पतिव्रता

Transliteration

eka vai sevate nityamanyaścetapi rocate / puruṣāṇāmalābhena nārī caiva pativratā

Translation

Eine Frau dient ihrem Gatten beständig, eine andere mag sich anderswohin neigen; doch wenn Männer nicht verfügbar sind, gilt die Frau dennoch als pativratā, dem Ehemann geweiht.

Word by Word
एकःone (man)
एकः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle)
सेवतेserves/associates with
सेवते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√सेव् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana (Adverbial/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्रियाविशेषणरूपेण अव्ययीभाव (adverbial accusative)
अन्यःanother (man)
अन्यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
चेत्if
चेत्:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत् (अव्यय)
Formशर्तार्थक-अव्यय (conditional particle: if)
अपिeven/also
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अप्यर्थक निपात (also/even)
रोचतेpleases/is liked
रोचते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√रुच् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
पुरुषाणाम्of men
पुरुषाणाम्:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
अलाभेनby non-attainment/lack
अलाभेन:
Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootअलाभ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
नारीa woman
नारी:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनारी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
चand
च:
Sambandha (Conjunction/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
एवindeed/only
एव:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक निपात (emphatic: only/indeed)
पतिव्रताdevoted to her husband
पतिव्रता:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपति + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (पतिः यस्याः व्रतम्)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra, in the Garuda Purana dialogue frame)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Social labels (pativratā) may be assigned by circumstance rather than inner intention; dharma discourse can reflect pragmatic social judgments.

Vedantic Theme: Distinction between inner saṅkalpa (intention) and outer karma (action); the world judges by vyavahāra, not paramārtha.

Application: Cultivate integrity where intention and action align; avoid judging others’ virtue solely by outward circumstance.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.114.9-13 (cluster on women, courtesans, and dangers)

FAQs

This verse frames pativrata as a status tied to conduct and circumstance, emphasizing household dharma and restraint rather than merely desire or attraction.

Indirectly, it points to dharmic self-control in worldly life—ethical restraint is treated in the Purana as shaping karma, which in turn influences post-death outcomes.

Cultivate fidelity and self-discipline in relationships; do not justify unethical choices by desire—align conduct with dharma even when tempted.

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