Brahma Purana — Krishna Subdues Kaliya and Purifies the Yamuna, Shloka 4
Devanagari script
विषाग्निना विसरता दग्धतीरमहातरुम् वाताहताम्बुविक्षेपस्पर्शदग्धविहंगमम् //
Translation
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Word by Word
viṣa-agnināby poisonous fire
viṣa-agninā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + agni (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘विषः अग्निः’ = poisonous fire
visaratāspreading
visaratā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvisṛ (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; ‘विसरत्’ = spreading
dagdha-tīra-mahā-tarum(having) burnt banks and great trees
dagdha-tīra-mahā-tarum:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdagdha (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + tīra (प्रातिपदिक) + mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + taru (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘दग्धं तीरं यस्य’ (burnt bank) + ‘महातरु’ (great trees) → describing the lake/area as having burnt banks and great trees (elliptic bahuvrihi-like usage, but form treated as determinative descriptor)
vāta-āhata-ambu-vikṣepa-sparśa-dagdha-vihaṅgamamwhere birds were burnt by the touch of wind-driven water-spray
vāta-āhata-ambu-vikṣepa-sparśa-dagdha-vihaṅgamam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvāta (प्रातिपदिक) + āhata (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + ambu (प्रातिपदिक) + vikṣepa (प्रातिपदिक) + sparśa (प्रातिपदिक) + dagdha (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + vihaṅgama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष: ‘वाताहत-अम्बु-विक्षेप’ (water-spray driven by wind) ‘स्पर्श’ (contact) ‘दग्ध’ (burnt) ‘विहङ्गम’ (birds) = where birds are burnt by contact with wind-driven water-spray
Speaker
Narratorial description (context leading into Krishna’s reflection; explicit speaker appears from v.11 as Vyasa).