Shloka 4

Adhyaya 242 — Bondage Through the Guṇas: Transmigration, Misidentification, and Ascetic Practices

Devanagari script

कोषकारो यथात्मानं कीटः समभिरुन्धति सूत्रतन्तुगुणैर् नित्यं तथायम् अगुणो गुणैः //

Translation

Dieser Vers (Nr. 4) erläutert weiter Dharma und die Ordnung der Welt nach alter Überlieferung.

Word by Word

• koṣa-kāraḥ: the cocoon-maker
• koṣa-kāraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: koṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + kāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) ‘maker of a cocoon’

• yathā: just as
• yathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (उपमान/यथार्थक अव्यय)

• ātmānam: itself
• ātmānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• kīṭaḥ: the worm/insect
• kīṭaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kīṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• samabhirundhati: encloses/encases
• samabhirundhati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-abhi√rudh (धाातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• sūtra-tantu-guṇaiḥ: with thread-fibres/strands
• sūtra-tantu-guṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūtra (प्रातिपदिक) + tantu (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) chain-compound ‘with threads/fibres/strands’

• nityam: always
• nityam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Adverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण द्वितीया एकवचन)

• tathā: so/thus
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (तथार्थक अव्यय)

• ayam: this (one)
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• aguṇaḥ: quality-less
• aguṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aguṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying ayam

• guṇaiḥ: by/with qualities
• guṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

Speaker

• Vasiṣṭha continuing the teaching