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Shloka 8

Jaḍa Bharata Instructs King Rahūgaṇa: The Mind as Bondage and the Two Kṣetrajñas

गुणानुरक्तं व्यसनाय जन्तो: क्षेमाय नैर्गुण्यमथो मन: स्यात् । यथा प्रदीपो घृतवर्तिमश्नन् शिखा: सधूमा भजति ह्यन्यदा स्वम् । पदं तथा गुणकर्मानुबद्धं वृत्तीर्मन: श्रयतेऽन्यत्र तत्त्वम् ॥ ८ ॥

guṇānuraktaṁ vyasanāya jantoḥ kṣemāya nairguṇyam atho manaḥ syāt yathā pradīpo ghṛta-vartim aśnan śikhāḥ sadhūmā bhajati hy anyadā svam padaṁ tathā guṇa-karmānubaddhaṁ vṛttīr manaḥ śrayate ’nyatra tattvam

Wenn der Geist an die guṇas gebunden ist und im Sinnengenuss aufgeht, wird er zur Ursache von Gebundenheit und Leid; wird der Geist jedoch nirguṇa, vom Genuss unangehaftet, wird er zur Ursache von Heil und Befreiung. Wie bei einer Lampe: Brennt der Docht, genährt von Ghee, richtig, leuchtet sie klar; brennt er falsch, entstehen Rauch und Ruß. So bringt ein im materiellen Genuss versunkener Geist Kummer hervor, während ein davon gelöster Geist den ursprünglichen Glanz des Kṛṣṇa-Bewusstseins wieder aufscheinen lässt.

guṇa-anuraktamattached to the guṇas
guṇa-anuraktam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + anurakta (कृदन्त; रञ्ज्/रज् धातु)
FormNapुṁsaka-liṅga, Prathamā/ Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; upapada-tatpuruṣa: guṇeṣu anuraktaṃ (attached to qualities); anurakta = past passive participle (kta)
vyasanāyafor calamity; for addiction/misfortune
vyasanāya:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootvyasana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṁsaka-liṅga, Caturthī-vibhakti (dative, 4th), Ekavacana
jantoḥof the living being
jantoḥ:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootjantu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī-vibhakti (genitive, 6th), Ekavacana
kṣemāyafor welfare
kṣemāya:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣema (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Caturthī, Ekavacana
nairguṇyamfreedom from guṇas; transcendence of qualities
nairguṇyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnairguṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṁsaka-liṅga, Prathamā/ Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
athoand then; thus
atho:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; sambandha/anuvādaka (connective particle: 'then/and so')
manaḥmind
manaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmanas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṁsaka-liṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
syātwould be; should be
syāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु)
FormVidhiliṅ-lakāra (optative), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana
yathāas; just as
yathā:
Upamāna-dyotaka (उपमान-द्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā-avyaya (comparative particle: 'as')
pradīpaḥlamp
pradīpaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpradīpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
ghṛta-vartimthe ghee-wick
ghṛta-vartim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootghṛta (प्रातिपदिक) + varti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā-vibhakti (accusative, 2nd), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: ghṛtena yuktā vartiḥ (ghee-soaked wick)
aśnanconsuming; eating up
aśnan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootaś (धातु)
FormVartamāna-kṛdanta (present active participle, śatṛ), Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; agreeing with pradīpaḥ
śikhāḥflame
śikhāḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśikhā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana (Vedic/poetic usage; form appears as śikhāḥ)
sa-dhūmāwith smoke; smoky
sa-dhūmā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + dhūma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; karmadhāraya: dhūmena saha (smoky)
bhajatipartakes; assumes; experiences
bhajati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhaj (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana
hiindeed
hi:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; nipāta (emphatic particle)
anyadāat another time; otherwise
anyadā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootanyadā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; kāla-avyaya (adverb: 'at another time/otherwise')
svamits own
svam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormNapुṁsaka-liṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of padaṁ
padamstate; position; place
padam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpada (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṁsaka-liṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
tathāso; likewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā/sambandha (so; likewise)
guṇa-karma-anubaddhambound to guṇas and actions
guṇa-karma-anubaddham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + karma (प्रातिपदिक) + anubaddha (कृदन्त; बन्ध् धातु)
FormNapुṁsaka-liṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: guṇaiḥ karmabhiś ca anubaddhaṃ (bound/connected with qualities and actions); anubaddha = kta-ppp
vṛttīḥfunctions; modifications
vṛttīḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛtti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana
manaḥmind
manaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmanas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṁsaka-liṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
śrayateresorts to; takes refuge in
śrayate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootśri (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; ātmanepada (middle voice)
anyatraelsewhere; otherwise
anyatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootanyatra (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; deśa-avyaya (adverb: 'elsewhere/otherwise')
tattvamreality; truth
tattvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottattva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṁsaka-liṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

It is therefore concluded that the mind is the cause of material existence and liberation also. Everyone is suffering in this material world because of the mind; it is therefore proper to train the mind or to cleanse the mind from material attachment and engage it fully in the Lord’s service. This is called spiritual engagement. As confirmed in Bhagavad-gītā (14.26) :

J
Jaḍa Bharata
K
King Rahūgaṇa

FAQs

This verse states that when the mind is attached to material qualities (gunas), it becomes the cause of distress; freedom from the gunas (nirguṇa) brings true welfare and liberation.

Rahūgaṇa approached Jaḍa Bharata with pride and misunderstanding; Jaḍa Bharata instructed him on the difference between the changing mind bound to karma and gunas versus the untouched spiritual truth, guiding him toward humility and self-realization.

Notice how moods and identities shift with desires and reactions; practice detachment through bhakti, self-inquiry, and disciplined living so the mind becomes less driven by the gunas and more aligned with the steady spiritual reality.