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Shloka 2

Ātmā’s Unborn Nature and Fearlessness at Death

Parīkṣit’s Final Instruction

त्वं तु राजन् मरिष्येति पशुबुद्धिमिमां जहि । न जात: प्रागभूतोऽद्य देहवत्त्वं न नङ्‌क्ष्यसि ॥ २ ॥

tvaṁ tu rājan mariṣyeti paśu-buddhim imāṁ jahi na jātaḥ prāg abhūto ’dya deha-vat tvaṁ na naṅkṣyasi

O König, gib die tierische Vorstellung auf: „Ich werde sterben.“ Du bist nicht wie der Körper geboren; es gab nie eine Zeit, da du nicht warst, und du wirst nicht vernichtet werden.

त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Sambodhyam/Karta (सम्बोधनार्थ/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-प्रयोगे द्वितीयपुरुष-सर्वनाम; प्रथमा, एकवचन
तुbut, indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधान/विरोधसूचक निपात (particle: but/indeed)
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
मरिष्येI shall die
मरिष्ये:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootमृ (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; वाक्यपरिसमाप्ति/उद्धरणसूचक (quotative particle)
पशु-बुद्धिम्animal-like notion
पशु-बुद्धिम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपशु + बुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (पशोः बुद्धिः)
इमाम्this
इमाम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (demonstrative)
जहिabandon, give up
जहि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
जातःborn
जातः:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootजन् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
प्राक्before, formerly
प्राक्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्राक् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: formerly/before)
अभूतःnon-existent (lit. 'became not')
अभूतः:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootभू (धातु)
Formभूत-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past participle/PPP sense); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; न-जातः प्राक् अभूतः = 'was not previously non-existent' (i.e., existed)
अद्यtoday, now
अद्य:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक (today/now)
देह-वत्embodied, having a body
देह-वत्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदेह + वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत्-प्रयोगः; नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्गे समानरूप; प्रथमा, एकवचन; तद्धितान्त (वत् = possessing)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा, एकवचन
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध
नङ्क्ष्यसिyou will perish
नङ्क्ष्यसि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनश् (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; रूपम्: नश् → नङ्क्ष् (नश् + क्स)

At the end of the First Canto (1.19.15) King Parīkṣit stated:

K
King Parīkṣit

FAQs

This verse urges the king to abandon the animal-like belief “I will die,” teaching that the self is not truly born or destroyed, and thus fear of death is rooted in ignorance.

Parīkṣit was facing imminent death; Śukadeva instructs him in spiritual knowledge so he can transcend bodily identification and meet death with realization and devotion.

Reduce anxiety by shifting identity from the temporary body to the enduring self, and live with steadiness—using time for sādhana, hearing Bhāgavatam, and cultivating bhakti rather than panic.