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Shloka 11

The Earth Laughs at World-Conquering Kings; Yuga-Dharma and the Remedy for Kali

श्रीशुक उवाच पृथु: पुरूरवा गाधिर्नहुषो भरतोऽर्जुन: । मान्धाता सगरो राम: खट्‌वाङ्गो धुन्धुहा रघु: ॥ ९ ॥ तृणबिन्दुर्ययातिश्च शर्याति: शन्तनुर्गय: । भगीरथ: कुवलयाश्व: ककुत्स्थो नैषधो नृग: ॥ १० ॥ हिरण्यकशिपुर्वृत्रो रावणो लोकरावण: । नमुचि: शम्बरो भौमो हिरण्याक्षोऽथ तारक: ॥ ११ ॥ अन्ये च बहवो दैत्या राजानो ये महेश्वरा: । सर्वे सर्वविद: शूरा: सर्वे सर्वजितोऽजिता: ॥ १२ ॥ ममतां मय्यवर्तन्त कृत्वोच्चैर्मर्त्यधर्मिण: । कथावशेषा: कालेन ह्यकृतार्था: कृता विभो ॥ १३ ॥

pṛthuḥ purūravā gādhir nahuṣo bharato ’rjunaḥ māndhātā sagaro rāmaḥ khaṭvāṅgo dhundhuhā raghuḥ

Śrī Śuka sprach: Könige wie Pṛthu, Purūravā, Gādhi, Nahuṣa, Bharata, Kārtavīrya Arjuna, Māndhātā, Sagara, Rāma, Khaṭvāṅga, Dhundhuhā, Raghu; Tṛṇabindu, Yayāti, Śaryāti, Śantanu, Gaya; Bhagīratha, Kuvalayāśva, Kakutstha, Naiṣadha, Nṛga; Hiraṇyakaśipu, Vṛtra, Rāvaṇa, der die ganze Welt klagen ließ, Namuci, Śambara, Bhauma, Hiraṇyākṣa und Tāraka; sowie viele weitere Daityas und Könige von großer Macht—sie alle waren wissend, heldenhaft, allesbezwingend und schwer zu bezwingen. Dennoch, o allmächtiger Herr, obwohl sie mit heftiger „Mamatā“ lebten, Mich besitzen zu wollen, machte die Zeit sie zu bloßen Erzählresten; keiner konnte eine dauerhafte Herrschaft begründen.

hiraṇyakaśipuḥHiraṇyakaśipu
hiraṇyakaśipuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed subject)
TypeNoun
Roothiraṇyakaśipu (हिरण्यकशिपु-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम
vṛtraḥVṛtra
vṛtraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛtra (वृत्र-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम
rāvaṇaḥRāvaṇa
rāvaṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrāvaṇa (रावण-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम
loka-rāvaṇaḥLoka-rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa-like scourge of the world)
loka-rāvaṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed subject)
TypeNoun
Rootloka (लोक-प्रातिपदिक) + rāvaṇa (रावण-प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय (appositional epithet: 'world-Rāvaṇa'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
namuciḥNamuci
namuciḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed subject)
TypeNoun
Rootnamuci (नमुचि-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम
śambaraḥŚambara
śambaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed subject)
TypeNoun
Rootśambara (शम्बर-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम
bhaumaḥBhauma (Naraka)
bhaumaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed subject)
TypeNoun
Rootbhauma (भौम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम/उपाधि
hiraṇyākṣaḥHiraṇyākṣa
hiraṇyākṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed subject)
TypeNoun
Roothiraṇyākṣa (हिरण्याक्ष-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम
athaand then / also
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
Formअनन्तरार्थक/समुच्चय (particle: then/also)
tārakaḥTāraka
tārakaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Listed subject)
TypeNoun
Roottāraka (तारक-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम

According to Śrīla Śrīdhara Svāmī, and as confirmed by Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura, the King Rāma mentioned here is not the incarnation of Godhead Rāmacandra. Pṛthu Mahārāja is understood to be an incarnation of the Supreme Personality of Godhead who completely exhibited the characteristics of an earthly king, claiming proprietorship over the entire earth. A saintly king like Pṛthu Mahārāja, however, controls the earth on behalf of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, whereas a demon such as Hiraṇyakaśipu or Rāvaṇa tries to exploit the earth for his personal sense gratification. Nevertheless, both saintly kings and demons must leave the earth. In this way their political supremacy is ultimately neutralized by the force of time.

H
Hiraṇyakaśipu
V
Vṛtra
R
Rāvaṇa
N
Namuci
Ś
Śambara
B
Bhauma (Naraka)
H
Hiraṇyākṣa
T
Tāraka

FAQs

Śukadeva lists renowned asuras to show that even the mightiest opponents of dharma—famous across ages—could not escape time and the Lord’s supremacy; worldly power does not grant lasting success.

Śukadeva Gosvāmī speaks this to Mahārāja Parīkṣit while describing the nature of Kali-yuga and illustrating how even great rulers and powerful beings become merely “stories” in time.

Do not measure greatness by domination or fame; time reduces even terrifying power to a name. Invest life in dharma and bhakti, which alone carry lasting spiritual value.