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Shloka 18

Chapter 90

त्वं यक्ष्मणा बलवतासि गृहीत इन्दो

क्षीणस् तमो न निज-दीधितिभिः क्षिणोषि ।

कच्चिन् मुकुन्द-गदितानि यथा वयं त्वं

विस्मृत्य भोः स्थगित-गीर् उपलक्ष्यसे नः ॥

tvaṃ yakṣmaṇā balavatāsi gṛhīta indo $ kṣīṇas tamo na nija-dīdhitibhiḥ kṣiṇoṣi & kaccin mukunda-gaditāni yathā vayaṃ tvaṃ % vismṛtya bhoḥ sthagita-gīr upalakṣyase naḥ //

O Mond! Hat dich eine mächtige zehrende Krankheit ergriffen, sodass du geschwunden bist und die Finsternis nicht mehr mit deinem eigenen Licht vertreibst? Oder hast du, wie wir, Mukundas Worte vergessen und stehst nun mit erstickter Stimme vor uns?

tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun); एकवचन (singular); प्रथमा (nominative)
yakṣmaṇāby consumption/disease (yakṣmā)
yakṣmaṇā:
Karana (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootyakṣman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine); एकवचन; तृतीया (instrumental)
balavatāpowerful
balavatā:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbalavat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; तृतीया; विशेषण (qualifier) — ‘strong/powerful’ (instrumental agreeing with yakṣmaṇā)
asiare
asi:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootas (अस् धातु)
Formलट् (present); मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person); एकवचन
gṛhītaḥseized, afflicted
gṛhītaḥ:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृसम्बन्ध/subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootgrah (ग्रह् धातु) + kta (क्त)
Formकृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा; विशेषण (to tvam)
indoO moon
indo:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
TypeNoun
Rootindu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; सम्बोधन (vocative)
kṣīṇaḥwasted, diminished
kṣīṇaḥ:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृसम्बन्ध/subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣi (क्षि धातु) + kta (क्त)
Formकृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा; विशेषण (to tvam)
tamaḥdarkness
tamaḥ:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Roottamas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter); एकवचन; द्वितीया (accusative)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
nija-dīdhitibhiḥby your own rays
nija-dīdhitibhiḥ:
Karana (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootnija (प्रातिपदिक) + dīdhiti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): ‘own + rays’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग (dīdhiti); बहुवचन; तृतीया (instrumental)
kṣiṇoṣiyou destroy/dispell
kṣiṇoṣi:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṣi (क्षि धातु)
Formलट् (present); मध्यमपुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद
kaccitis it so? perhaps?
kaccit:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/interrogative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkaccit (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative particle)
mukunda-gaditāniMukunda’s words
mukunda-gaditāni:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootmukunda (प्रातिपदिक) + gadita (गद् धातु + क्त)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘Mukunda’s spoken (words)’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; बहुवचन; प्रथमा/द्वितीया (here object-like with vismṛtya: accusative plural)
yathāas, like
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/comparison)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formउपमान/प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (comparative ‘as/like’)
vayamwe
vayam:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; बहुवचन; प्रथमा
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; एकवचन; प्रथमा (appositional: ‘you too’)
vismṛtyahaving forgotten
vismṛtya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvismṛ (वि+स्मृ धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
Formक्त्वान्त/ल्यपन्त अव्ययीभाव-प्राय (gerund); ‘having forgotten’
bhoḥO!
bhoḥ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbhoḥ (अव्यय)
Formसम्बोधन-निपात (vocative particle)
sthagita-gīḥwith silenced voice
sthagita-gīḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsthagita (स्थग् धातु + क्त) + gīr (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय: ‘silenced speech’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग (gīr); एकवचन; प्रथमा; विशेषण (to tvam)
upalakṣyaseyou are noticed/recognized
upalakṣyase:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootupa+lakṣ (उप+लक्ष् धातु)
Formलट् (present); मध्यमपुरुष; एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
naḥby us / to us
naḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/agent in passive, implied)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; बहुवचन; षष्ठी/चतुर्थी (genitive/dative enclitic) — here ‘by us/for us’ sense with passive: agent-like (instrumental sense implied)

Continuing the poetic address, the speaker turns to the moon, whose waning is interpreted as a sign of affliction. The imagery of “yakṣmā” (a wasting disease) conveys depletion—loss of strength, luster, and the ability to remove darkness. In Bhāgavata’s devotional framework, darkness is not only physical night but also the symbolic darkness of forgetfulness (vismṛti) of the Lord. The verse then pivots from cosmic observation to intimate spiritual psychology: “Have you forgotten Mukunda’s words, as we have?” This confession reveals the heart of bhakti—separation and remembrance. When the Lord’s consoling speech, instructions, or promises are forgotten, the devotee experiences a kind of inner night, and even one’s voice becomes “sthagita” (strangled/choked) with emotion. Thus the verse teaches two complementary truths: (1) all brilliance in the world is dependent, and can fade; (2) the real dispeller of darkness is remembrance of Mukunda—especially His words, which awaken faith, steadiness, and loving absorption. For the aspirant, the remedy for inner waning is śravaṇa and smaraṇa—hearing and remembering Kṛṣṇa’s teachings and pastimes.

M
Mukunda
I
Indu (Moon)

FAQs

It points to spiritual forgetfulness—when the heart loses touch with Kṛṣṇa’s teachings and assurances, devotion feels weakened and the inner ‘darkness’ increases.

The waning moon becomes a devotional metaphor for depletion—when one’s light (clarity, joy, steadiness) fades, it resembles a wasting condition caused by forgetfulness.

Regular śravaṇa (hearing scripture) and smaraṇa (remembrance)—daily reading of Bhāgavatam, chanting, and reflecting on Kṛṣṇa’s instructions—restores inner light.