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Shloka 28

Kṛṣṇa’s Daily Life in Dvārakā; the Captive Kings’ Appeal; Nārada Announces the Rājasūya

स्वप्नायितं नृपसुखं परतन्त्रमीश शश्वद्भ‍येन मृतकेन धुरं वहाम: । हित्वा तदात्मनि सुखं त्वदनीहलभ्यं क्लिश्यामहेऽतिकृपणास्तव माययेह ॥ २८ ॥

svapnāyitaṁ nṛpa-sukhaṁ para-tantram īśa śaśvad-bhayena mṛtakena dhuraṁ vahāmaḥ hitvā tad ātmani sukhaṁ tvad-anīha-labhyaṁ kliśyāmahe ’ti-kṛpaṇās tava māyayeha

O Herr, das königliche Glück, von anderen abhängig, ist wie ein Traum; mit diesem leichengleichen Körper, stets von Furcht erfüllt, tragen wir seine Last. Da wir die Freude der Seele, die durch selbstlosen Dienst an dir erlangt wird, aufgegeben haben, leiden wir, so erbärmlich, hier unter dem Bann deiner Māyā.

svapnāyitamlike a dream, dreamlike
svapnāyitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvapnāyita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √svap ‘स्वप्’ + āyita)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1/2 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन); past-participial adjective
nṛpa-sukhamroyal happiness
nṛpa-sukham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa (प्रातिपदिक) + sukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (1/2), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ‘नृपस्य सुखम्’
para-tantramdependent on others
para-tantram:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक) + tantra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (1/2), Singular; ‘परतन्त्र’ = dependent on others
īśaO Lord
īśa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootīśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8/सम्बोधन), Singular
śaśvatalways
śaśvat:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootśaśvat (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya; adverbial element meaning ‘always/continually’ (here in compound)
bhayenaby fear
bhayena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3/तृतीया), Singular
mṛtakenaby a dead (one)/as if dead
mṛtakena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmṛtaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3), Singular; used adjectivally ‘dead (as if)’
dhuramburden, yoke-load
dhuram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdhurā/dhura (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2/द्वितीया), Singular
vahāmaḥwe carry
vahāmaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vah (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), 1st person (उत्तमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada
hitvāhaving abandoned
hitvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√hā (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), ‘having abandoned’
tatthat
tat:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2), Singular; demonstrative pronoun used adjectivally
ātmaniin the Self
ātmani:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7/सप्तमी), Singular
sukhamhappiness
sukham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2), Singular
tvat-anīha-labhyamobtainable by Your effortless will
tvat-anīha-labhyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottvat (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक) + anīha (प्रातिपदिक) + labhya (कृदन्त; √labh ‘लभ्’)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2), Singular; ‘त्वत्-अनीहया लभ्यम्’ = obtainable by Your effortless will; labhya = potential passive participle (तव्यत्/यत्-प्रत्ययार्थ)
kliśyāmahewe suffer, are afflicted
kliśyāmahe:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kliś (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (Present), 1st person, Plural; Ātmanepada
ati-kṛpaṇāḥvery wretched (we)
ati-kṛpaṇāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootati (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + kṛpaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Plural; ‘अतिकृपण’ = very wretched
tavaof you/your
tava:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6/षष्ठी), Singular
māyayāby (your) māyā, illusion
māyayā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmāyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental (3), Singular
ihahere
iha:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb ‘here/in this world’

After expressing their doubts in the previous verse, the kings herein admit that actually they are suffering because of their own foolishness, having given up the eternal happiness of the soul in exchange for the temporary, conditional happiness of a so-called kingly position. Most people make a similar mistake, desiring wealth, power, prestige, aristocratic family and so on, in exchange for their own soul. The kings admit that they have fallen under the spell of the Lord’s illusory energy and have mistaken the tremendous anxiety of political leadership for happiness.

K
Kṛṣṇa

FAQs

This verse calls kingly happiness “dreamlike” and dependent on others, saying it brings constant fear and becomes a burdensome, lifeless load compared to the real joy of the self.

In their prayerful mood, they contrast worldly status and anxiety with the higher, inner happiness of the ātmā, acknowledging that only Kṛṣṇa’s grace frees one from māyā’s spell.

Treat external status as temporary, cultivate devotion and remembrance of Kṛṣṇa, and prioritize inner discipline (sādhana) so that peace comes from spiritual identity rather than social control or possessions.