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Shloka 8

Kāliya-damana: Kṛṣṇa Subdues the Serpent and Purifies the Yamunā

तस्य ह्रदे विहरतो भुजदण्डघूर्ण- वार्घोषमङ्ग वरवारणविक्रमस्य । आश्रुत्य तत् स्वसदनाभिभवं निरीक्ष्य चक्षु:श्रवा: समसरत्तदमृष्यमाण: ॥ ८ ॥

tasya hrade viharato bhuja-daṇḍa-ghūrṇa- vār-ghoṣam aṅga vara-vāraṇa-vikramasya āśrutya tat sva-sadanābhibhavaṁ nirīkṣya cakṣuḥ-śravāḥ samasarat tad amṛṣyamāṇaḥ

In diesem See spielte Kṛṣṇa wie ein königlicher Elefant: Er wirbelte Seine mächtigen Arme und ließ das Wasser auf vielfältige Weise dröhnen. Als Kāliya diese Geräusche hörte, erkannte er, dass jemand in sein Gewässer eindrang. Er konnte es nicht ertragen und stürmte sofort heran.

tasyaof him/that (Kṛṣṇa)
tasya:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक; pronoun)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular
hradein the lake
hrade:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Roothrada (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
viharataḥwhile (he was) sporting
viharataḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/While sporting)
TypeAdjective
Root√hṛ हर् (vi + √hṛ; विहर्) (कृदन्त; शतृ/Present active participle)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ) used in genitive absolute-like relation with tasya
bhuja-daṇḍa-ghūrṇa-vār-ghoṣamthe sound of water churned by (his) arm-strokes
bhuja-daṇḍa-ghūrṇa-vār-ghoṣam:
Karma (कर्म/Object of āśrutya)
TypeNoun
Rootbhuja (प्रातिपदिक) + daṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक) + ghūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + vāri (प्रातिपदिक) + ghoṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (ghoṣa produced by the swirling water due to arm-staff-like strokes)
aṅgaO dear (one)
aṅga:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootaṅga (अव्यय/particle of address)
FormAvyaya; संबोधन-निपात (vocative particle)
vara-vāraṇa-vikramasyaof him whose prowess is like a mighty elephant
vara-vāraṇa-vikramasya:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootvara (प्रातिपदिक) + vāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + vikrama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; तत्पुरुषः ('whose prowess is like a great elephant')
āśrutyahaving heard
āśrutya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√śru श्रु (आ + √śru; absolutive/ल्यप्)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), indeclinable verbal; 'having heard'
tatthat
tat:
Karma (कर्म/Object of nirīkṣya)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
sva-sadana-abhibhavamthe encroachment upon his own residence
sva-sadana-abhibhavam:
Karma (कर्म/Object of nirīkṣya)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + sadana (प्रातिपदिक) + abhibhava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; तत्पुरुषः ('overpowering/encroachment upon one's own abode')
nirīkṣyahaving observed
nirīkṣya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√īkṣ ईक्ष् (नि + √īkṣ; absolutive/क्त्वा)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable verbal; 'having seen/observed'
cakṣuḥ-śravāḥCakṣuḥśravā (Garuḍa)
cakṣuḥ-śravāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootcakṣuḥ-śravas (प्रातिपदिक; proper name)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; बहुव्रीहिः ('whose fame is seen/heard' → name of Garuḍa)
samasaratrushed forth / attacked
samasarat:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Root√sṛ सृ (सम् + √sṛ; लङ्)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
tatthat
tat:
Karma (कर्म/Object of amṛṣyamāṇaḥ)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; referring to Kṛṣṇa/that act
amṛṣyamāṇaḥunable to tolerate (it)
amṛṣyamāṇaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of cakṣuḥ-śravāḥ)
TypeAdjective
Root√mṛṣ मृष् (a- + √mṛṣ; present middle participle)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; वर्तमानकृदन्त (शानच्/आनच्), ātmanepada sense; 'not tolerating'

According to the ācāryas, Lord Kṛṣṇa was producing wonderful musical sounds within the water simply by splashing His hands and arms.

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
K
Kāliya (Cakṣuḥśravā)

FAQs

This verse describes Kṛṣṇa sporting in the lake and creating a powerful roar by the whirl of His arms, which signaled that the serpent’s domain was being challenged.

Hearing the commotion and seeing his own residence being overrun, Kāliya could not tolerate the intrusion and therefore attacked.

When toxic influences dominate one’s “inner lake” (mind and habits), the devotee remembers Kṛṣṇa’s power to subdue them and seeks refuge in disciplined devotion rather than fear.