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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 109, Shloka 16

सत्यधर्मप्रतिपादनम्

Rama’s Defense of Truth and Dharma in Reply to Jabali

सोऽहं पितुर्नियोगं तु किमर्थं नानुपालये।सत्यप्रतिश्रव स्सत्यं सत्येन समयीकृतः।।2.109.16।।

so 'haṃ pitur niyogaṃ tu kimarthaṃ nānupālaye | satyapratiśravaḥ satyaṃ satyena samayīkṛtaḥ ||

আমি—যে সত্যপ্রতিজ্ঞ—সত্যের দ্বারাই আবদ্ধ, সত্যেই প্রতিষ্ঠিত। তবে পিতার আদেশ আমি কেন পালন করব না?॥

सःhe/that (person)
सः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject: 'I')
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (अस्मद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
पितुःof (my) father
पितुः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (पितृ प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन
नियोगम्command/commission
नियोगम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootniyoga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Contrast)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (contrastive particle)
किमर्थम्why/for what reason
किमर्थम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkim-artha (प्रातिपदिक; interrogative + artha)
Formअव्ययीभाववत् प्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative adverb: 'for what reason')
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात
अनुपालये(should) I obey/follow
अनुपालये:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootanu-pāl (अनु + पाल् धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
सत्यप्रतिश्रवःone true to (his) promise
सत्यप्रतिश्रवः:
Karta (कर्ता/Appositive subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsatya-pratiśrava (प्रातिपदिक; components: satya + pratiśrava)
Formतत्पुरुष (one whose promise is truth/true to promise); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; apposition to अहम्
सत्यम्truth; vow
सत्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootsatya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
सत्येनby truth
सत्येन:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootsatya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन
समयीकृतःbound by agreement/pledge
समयीकृतः:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-ā-√kṛ (कृ धातु) > samayīkṛta (कृदन्त/क्त, PPP)
Formक्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; predicate adjective of अहम् (bound/pledged)

I am always true to any promise. I am bound by truth. Why shouId I (now) disobey my father's command (to keep his promise)?

R
Rāma
J
Jābāli
D
Daśaratha (implied: father)

FAQs

Fidelity to truth requires honoring lawful vows and commands—especially the father’s pledge—making personal sacrifice secondary to satya.

Rāma concludes this segment of rebuttal by grounding his exile in a concrete obligation: obedience to his father’s commitment and command.

Pitṛbhakti and vow-keeping: unwavering commitment to a promise even at great personal cost.