Shloka 30

उत्पातदर्शनं खरसैन्यसमागमश्च

Omens of calamity and the approach of Khara’s army

Devanagari script

तेन शब्देन वित्रस्ताश्वापदा वनचारिणः।दुद्रुवुर्यत्र निश्शब्दं पृष्ठतो न व्यलोकयन्।।।।

Transliteration

tena śabdena vitrastāḥ śvāpadā vanacāriṇaḥ | dudruvuḥ yatra niḥśabdaṃ pṛṣṭhato na vyalokayan ||

Translation

সেই শব্দে ভীত হয়ে অরণ্যে বিচরণকারী শ্বাপদ—বন্য পশুরা—যেখানে নীরবতা ছিল সেদিকেই ছুটে পালাল; পেছনে ফিরে তাকালও না।

Word by Word

• tat: that
• tat: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता-विशेषण), एकवचन; 'that' (qualifying anīkam)

• anīkam: army
• anīkam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anīka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

• mahā-ghoram: very dreadful
• mahā-ghoram: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता-विशेषण), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: 'महान् घोरः' = very dreadful

• rāmam: Rama
• rāmam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन

• sam-upasarpata: approached
• sam-upasarpata: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-upa-sṛp (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; उपसर्ग: सम्-उप-; 'approached/came near'

• dhṛta-nānā-praharaṇam: armed with various weapons
• dhṛta-nānā-praharaṇam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, √dhṛ) + nānā (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + praharaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता-विशेषण), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि: 'धृतानि नानाप्रहरणानि यस्य तत्' = equipped with various weapons

• gambhīram: deep, formidable
• gambhīram: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gambhīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता-विशेषण), एकवचन

• sāgara-upamam: like the ocean
• sāgara-upamam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sāgara (प्रातिपदिक) + upama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता-विशेषण), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'सागरस्य उपमम्' = like the ocean

Context

The ferocious animals of the forest got frightened and ran away to silent spots without looking back.

Characters & Entities

• vana (forest)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights how adharma-driven violence and disorder disturb even the natural world; Dharma is associated with harmony and the protection of living beings.

What is the narrative situation?

As the conflict escalates, the forest resounds with tumult, and animals flee in fear, indicating the scale and intensity of the approaching battle.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Indirectly, it sets the stage for Rama’s protective duty (rakṣaṇa-dharma): his righteous stand contrasts with the chaos that frightens innocent creatures.