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Mahabharata — Udyoga Parva, Shloka 2

Drupada’s Instruction to the Purohita for the Kaurava Embassy (द्रुपदोपदेशः दूतप्रेषणम्)

द्विजेषु वैद्या: श्रेयांसो वैद्येषु कृतबुद्धयः । कृतबुद्धिषु कर्तार: कर्तषु ब्रह्मवादिन: २ ।।

dvijeṣu vaidyāḥ śreyāṃso vaidyeṣu kṛtabuddhayaḥ | kṛtabuddhiṣu kartāraḥ kartṛṣu brahmavādinaḥ || 2 ||

দ্বিজদের মধ্যে বিদ্বানরা শ্রেষ্ঠ; বিদ্বানদের মধ্যে যাঁদের বুদ্ধি সঠিক সিদ্ধান্তে স্থির, তাঁরা শ্রেষ্ঠ। স্থিরবুদ্ধিদের মধ্যে যাঁরা সেই অনুযায়ী আচরণ করেন তাঁরা শ্রেষ্ঠ; আর সেই কর্মীদের মধ্যে ব্রহ্মবক্তা-ব্রহ্মজ্ঞরাই সর্বোচ্চ।

द्विजेषुamong the twice-born (Brahmins)
द्विजेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
वैद्याःthe learned/knowers (of the Veda)
वैद्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैद्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
श्रेयांसःbetter, superior
श्रेयांसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेयस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वैद्येषुamong the learned
वैद्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवैद्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
कृतबुद्धयःthose of formed/settled understanding (decided in doctrine)
कृतबुद्धयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृतबुद्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कृतबुद्धिषुamong those of settled understanding
कृतबुद्धिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृतबुद्धि
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
कर्तारःdoers, practitioners
कर्तारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कर्तृषुamong the doers/practitioners
कर्तृषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
ब्रह्मवादिनःexpounders of Brahman (Brahma-knowers/teachers of Brahman)
ब्रह्मवादिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मवादिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

दुपद उवाच

द्विज (twice-born)
वैद्य/विद्वान (the learned)
कृतबुद्धि (persons of settled understanding)
कर्ता (doers)
ब्रह्मवादी (expounders/knowers of Brahman)
द्रुपद (Drupada)

Educational Q&A

Excellence is graded from birth-status to learning, from learning to settled discernment, from discernment to consistent action, and finally to realization/teaching of Brahman—implying that lived dharma and spiritual insight surpass mere scholarship or social identity.

In Udyoga Parva’s pre-war deliberations, Drupada speaks in a reflective, evaluative tone, emphasizing what kinds of people are truly ‘श्रेष्ठ’ (superior), thereby framing counsel and decision-making around dharma, competence, and spiritual maturity rather than rank alone.