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Shloka 4

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

संशृण्वतस्तस्य दुर्भाषिणो वै दुरात्मन: सूतपुत्रस्य सूत । यो योद्धुमाशंसति मां सदैव मन्दप्रज्ञ: कालपक्वो5तिमूढ:

saṃśṛṇvatastasya durbhāṣiṇo vai durātmanaḥ sūtaputrasya sūta | yo yoddhum āśaṃsati māṃ sadaiva mandaprajñaḥ kālapakvo'timūḍhaḥ ||

“হে সূত! সেই কটু-ভাষী দুরাত্মা সূতপুত্র কর্ণ—যে মন্দবুদ্ধি, কালের মুখে পাকা, অতিমূঢ়, এবং সর্বদা আমার সঙ্গে যুদ্ধ করবে বলে দম্ভ করে—তার শ্রবণে, আর পাণ্ডবদের বিরুদ্ধে যুদ্ধে আহূত অন্যান্য রাজাদেরও শ্রবণে; কুরুসভায় আমার বলা সম্পূর্ণ বাণী মন্ত্রীদেরসহ ধৃতরাষ্ট্রপুত্র রাজা দুর্যোধনকে এমনভাবে শোনাবে, যাতে সে স্পষ্ট করে শুনতে পায়।”

संशृण्वतःwhile (he) is listening / of one listening
संशृण्वतः:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-श्रु (धातु) → संशृण्वत् (शतृ)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormGenitive, Singular
दुर्भाषिणःof the harsh-speaker
दुर्भाषिणः:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्भाषिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (निपात)
दुरात्मनःof the wicked-souled one
दुरात्मनः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुरात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सूतपुत्रस्यof the charioteer’s son
सूतपुत्रस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसूतपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सूतO charioteer (Sanjaya)
सूत:
TypeNoun
Rootसूत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
योद्धुम्to fight
योद्धुम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootयुध् (धातु) → योद्धुम् (तुमुन्)
FormInfinitive
आशंसतिboasts / claims / hopes
आशंसति:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-शंस् (धातु)
FormPresent, Indicative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
FormAccusative, Singular
सदैवalways
सदैव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा + एव
मन्दप्रज्ञःdull-witted
मन्दप्रज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्दप्रज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कालपक्वःripened by Time (doomed by fate)
कालपक्वः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकालपक्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अतिमूढःutterly deluded
अतिमूढः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअतिमूढ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa (Sūtaputra)
D
Duryodhana
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
K
Kauravas (assembly)
P
Pāṇḍavas
K
kings summoned for war (collective)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of speech and intention in conflict: abusive talk and arrogant boasting are portrayed as signs of delusion and moral decline, while the reference to kāla (Time/death) frames hubris as self-destructive and ultimately answerable to destiny.

Sañjaya reports a message meant for the Kaurava court: Karṇa is characterized as harsh-tongued and boastful about fighting, and the speaker instructs that these words be conveyed to Duryodhana (with ministers and allied kings present) as the war with the Pāṇḍavas approaches.