Shloka 17

Sanatsujāta on Vedic Learning, Truth (Satya), and the Discipline of Dama–Tyāga–Apramāda

Devanagari script

धर्मादयो द्वादश यस्य रूप- मन्यानि चाड्रानि तथा बलं च । आचार्ययोगे फलतीति चाहु- ब्रह्मार्थयोगेन च ब्रह्म॒चर्यम्‌

Transliteration

dharmādayo dvādaśa yasya rūpam anyāni cādrāṇi tathā balaṃ ca | ācāryayoge phalatīti cāhur brahmārthayogena ca brahmacaryam ||

Translation

সনৎসূজাত বললেন: ধর্ম প্রভৃতি বারোটি গুণ যাঁর স্বরূপ, এবং পর্বতসম মহৎ রাশি ও বলও যাঁর—বলা হয়, সত্য আচার্যের সঙ্গে সংযমিত যোগে তা ফলপ্রসূ হয়; আর ব্রহ্মতত্ত্বে নিবদ্ধ যোগের দ্বারা ব্রহ্মচর্য সিদ্ধ ও পরিপূর্ণ হয়।

Word by Word

• धर्मादयः: dharma and the rest (beginning with dharma)
• धर्मादयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• द्वादश: twelve
• द्वादश: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वादश (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• यस्य: of whom/whose
• यस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• रूपम्: form; nature
• रूपम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• अन्यानि: other (ones)
• अन्यानि: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अद्राणि: mountains (adri-s)
• अद्राणि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अद्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तथा: likewise; so also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• बलम्: strength
• बलम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• आचार्ययोगे: in the discipline/union with the teacher (ācārya-yoga)
• आचार्ययोगे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आचार्य (प्रातिपदिक) + योग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• फलति: bears fruit; becomes fruitful
• Type: Verb
• Root: फल् (धातु)
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• आहुः: they say; they have said
• Type: Verb
• Root: अह् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• ब्रह्मार्थयोगेन: by the yoga directed to Brahman (brahma-artha-yoga)
• ब्रह्मार्थयोगेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्म (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक) + योग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• ब्रह्मचर्यम्: brahmacarya; celibate/student discipline
• ब्रह्मचर्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्म (प्रातिपदिक) + चर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

सनत्सुजात उवाच

Characters & Entities

• सनत्सुजात (Sanatsujāta)
• आचार्य (Ācārya)
• ब्रह्मन् (Brahman)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse links ethical principles (beginning with dharma) and spiritual power to the divine reality, and teaches that spiritual practice becomes fruitful through proper guidance (ācārya-yoga) and through yoga aimed at Brahman, by which brahmacarya—deep self-restraint oriented to realization—is perfected.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Sanatsujātīya section of Udyoga Parva, Sanatsujāta instructs Dhṛtarāṣṭra on higher dharma and liberation-oriented discipline. Here he emphasizes that virtues and strength belong to the supreme principle and that disciplined practice under a true teacher, aimed at Brahman, yields the fruit of perfected brahmacarya and spiritual attainment.