Shloka 46

Vidura-nīti: Atithi-dharma, Trust, Counsel-Secrecy, and Traits of Sustainable Rule

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 38

Devanagari script

दुष्कुलीन: कुलीनो वा मर्यादां यो न लड्घयेत्‌ । धमपिक्षी मृदुर्हीमान्‌ स कुलीनशताद्‌ वर:

Transliteration

duṣkulīnaḥ kulīno vā maryādāṃ yo na laṅghayet | dharmāpekṣī mṛdur hrīmān sa kulīnaśatād varaḥ ||

Translation

নীচ কুলে জন্ম হোক বা উচ্চ কুলে—যে শিষ্টাচার-সীমা লঙ্ঘন করে না, ধর্মকে মানদণ্ড করে, স্বভাবে কোমল এবং লজ্জাশীল—সে কেবল উচ্চবংশীয় বলে পরিচিত শতজনের চেয়েও শ্রেষ্ঠ।

Word by Word

• दुष्कुलीनः: of bad family / low-born
• दुष्कुलीनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुष्कुलीन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कुलीनः: well-born / noble
• कुलीनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कुलीन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वा: or
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• मर्यादाम्: boundary; propriety; limit
• मर्यादाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्यादा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• लङ्घयेत्: should transgress / would overstep
• Type: Verb
• Root: लङ्घ्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• धर्मापेक्षी: one who looks to dharma; mindful of righteousness
• धर्मापेक्षी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्मापेक्षिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मृदुः: gentle
• मृदुः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मृदु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ह्रीमान्: modest; possessing shame (sense of propriety)
• ह्रीमान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ह्रीमत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कुलीनशताद्: than a hundred nobles / well-born men
• कुलीनशताद्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुलीनशत
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• वरः: better; superior
• वरः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vidura