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Shloka 19

Adhyāya 160: Arjuna’s Envoy-Message—Critique of Borrowed Valor and Pre-dawn Mobilization

कथमाभ्यामभि ध्यात: संस्पृष्टो दारुणेन वा । रणे जीवन विमुच्येत पदा भूमिमुपस्पृशन्‌

katham ābhyām abhidyātaḥ saṁspṛṣṭo dāruṇena vā | raṇe jīvan vimucyeta padā bhūmim upaspṛśan ||

উলূক বলল— যাকে ভীষ্ম ও দ্রোণ মৃত্যুর জন্য চিহ্নিত করেছেন, অথবা যে যুদ্ধে তাঁদের ভয়ংকর অস্ত্রে স্পর্শিত হয়েছে, সে—পৃথিবীতে পা রাখা মর্ত্য—কীভাবে জীবিত রক্ষা পেতে পারে?

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
आभ्याम्by these two (Bhishma and Drona)
आभ्याम्:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, instrumental, dual
अभिध्यातःresolved upon / intended (to be slain)
अभिध्यातः:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-ध्यै
Formक्त (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
संस्पृष्टःtouched / struck
संस्पृष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-√स्पृश्
Formक्त (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
दारुणेनby a dreadful (weapon/means)
दारुणेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootदारुण
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
Formmasculine, locative, singular
जीवन्living / alive
जीवन्:
TypeAdjective
Rootजीवत्
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, singular
विमुच्येतcould be released / escape
विमुच्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-√मुच्
Formvidhi-lin (optative), present-system (optative), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
पदाwith (his) foot
पदा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपद
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
भूमिम्the earth/ground
भूमिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
उपस्पृशन्touching (the ground)
उपस्पृशन्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√स्पृश्
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, singular

उलूक उवाच

U
Ulūka
B
Bhīṣma
D
Droṇa

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how martial reputation and fear can be used as moral-political leverage: by portraying Bhīṣma and Droṇa as inescapable forces, Ulūka frames resistance as futile, aiming to coerce submission rather than invite a dharmic resolution.

Ulūka is delivering a taunting, confidence-building message on behalf of the Kaurava side, asserting that anyone targeted by Bhīṣma and Droṇa—or even grazed by their weapons—cannot survive the battlefield.