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Shloka 23

Adhyāya 128 — Proposal to Restrain Keśava; Sātyaki’s Warning and Vidura–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Counsel

'भरतश्रेष्ठ) महामते! कोई भी अपनी इच्छामात्रसे राज्यकी प्राप्ति, रक्षा अथवा उपभोग नहीं कर सकता ।।

vaiśampāyana uvāca | na hy avaśyendriyo rājyam aśrīyād dīrgham antaram | vijitātmā tu medhāvī sa rājyam abhipālayet ||

বৈশম্পায়ন বললেন—যার ইন্দ্রিয় সংযত নয়, সে দীর্ঘকাল রাজ্য ধারণ বা ভোগ করতে পারে না। কিন্তু যে আত্মজয়ী ও মেধাবী, সেই-ই রাজ্য রক্ষা ও পালন করতে সক্ষম।

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
hiindeed
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
avaśyacertainly/inevitably
avaśya:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootavaśya
indriyaḥone whose senses (are ...); a person (with senses)
indriyaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootindriya
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
rājyamkingdom, sovereignty
rājyam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootrājya
Formneuter, accusative, singular
aśrīyātshould resort to/should obtain/should enjoy
aśrīyāt:
TypeVerb
Root√śri (śrayate)
Formvidhi-liṅ (optative), ātmanepada, 3rd, singular
dīrghamlong (time)
dīrgham:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootdīrgha
Formneuter, accusative, singular
antaraminterval, duration
antaram:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootantara
Formneuter, accusative, singular
vijita-ātmāone who has conquered himself (self-controlled)
vijita-ātmā:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootvijita (ppp of √ji) + ātman
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
tubut, however
tu:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu
medhāvīintelligent, wise
medhāvī:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootmedhāvin
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad (sa)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
rājyamkingdom, sovereignty
rājyam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootrājya
Formneuter, accusative, singular
abhipālayetshould protect/should govern
abhipālayet:
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-√pāl
Formvidhi-liṅ (optative), parasmaipada, 3rd, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana

Educational Q&A

Political power is not secured by mere desire or claim; durable kingship depends on indriya-nigraha (control of the senses) and vijaya over the mind. Only a self-mastered, discerning ruler can truly protect and sustain a realm.

In the Udyoga Parva’s counsel-filled setting before the great war, the narrator Vaiśampāyana states a general principle of rājadharma: an unrestrained person cannot hold royal authority for long, whereas a self-conquered wise man is fit to govern and safeguard the kingdom.