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Shloka 16

Rājapurohita-lakṣaṇa and Purūravas–Vāyu Saṃvāda

Varṇa, Sovereignty, and Abhaya-dāna

श्रेयो नयति राजान ब्रुवंश्चित्रां सरस्वतीम्‌ । राजा चरति यद्‌ धर्म ब्राह्मणेन निदर्शितम्‌

aila uvāca | śreyo nayati rājānaṁ bruvaṁś citrāṁ sarasvatīm | rājā carati yad dharmaṁ brāhmaṇena nidarśitam |

সে ব্রাহ্মণ আশ্চর্য ও প্রভাবশালী বাক্যে রাজাকে শ্রেয়ের পথে নিয়ে যায়; আর ব্রাহ্মণ যে ধর্ম দেখিয়ে দেন, রাজা সেই ধর্মই আচরণে আনে।

श्रेयोthe better (good)
श्रेयो:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नयतिleads
नयति:
TypeVerb
Rootनी
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजानम्the king
राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ब्रुवन्speaking
ब्रुवन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
चित्राम्variegated, wondrous
चित्राम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootचित्रा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सरस्वतीम्speech/eloquence (Sarasvatī)
सरस्वतीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसरस्वती
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चरतिpractises, follows
चरति:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma, righteous conduct
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ब्राह्मणेनby a brahmin
ब्राह्मणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
निदर्शितम्shown, pointed out
निदर्शितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि + दृश्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

ऐल उवाच

A
Aila (speaker)
K
King (rājā)
B
Brahmin (brāhmaṇa)
S
Sarasvatī (as eloquent speech)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that a king’s righteous conduct is shaped by learned Brahmin guidance: eloquent, insightful counsel leads the ruler toward śreyas (true welfare), and the king should enact the dharma thus indicated.

Aila is describing the ideal relationship between spiritual-intellectual authority and political power: the Brahmin articulates and exemplifies dharma through persuasive speech, and the king adopts that dharma in his governance and personal conduct.