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Shloka 112

Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)

आत्मनाष्टम इत्येव श्रुतिरेषा परा नृषु । उत्पन्नौ बन्दिनौ चास्य तत्पूर्वो सूतमागधौ

ātmanaṣṭama ityeva śrutireṣā parā nṛṣu | utpannau bandinau cāsya tatpūrvo sūtamāgadhau ||

মানুষদের মধ্যে একটি প্রাচীন শ্রুতি প্রসিদ্ধ—রাজা পৃথু নিজ বংশে ভগবান বিষ্ণু থেকে অষ্টম পুরুষ ছিলেন। আর পৃথুর জন্মের আগেই তার জন্য সূত ও মাগধ—দুই বন্দী (স্তুতিপাঠক)—উৎপন্ন হয়েছিল।

आत्मनाby oneself / by the self
आत्मना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अष्टमःeighth
अष्टमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअष्टम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
श्रुतिःtradition / saying
श्रुतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
एषाthis
एषा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पराsupreme / eminent
परा:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
नृषुamong men
नृषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनृ
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
उत्पन्नौborn / arisen (two)
उत्पन्नौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्पन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
बन्दिनौbards / panegyrists (two)
बन्दिनौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबन्दिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्यof him / his
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पूर्वःearlier / prior
पूर्वः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सूतSūta (charioteer-bard class)
सूत:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मागधौMāgadha (bard) (two / pair with Sūta by sense)
मागधौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमागध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pṛthu
V
Viṣṇu
S
Sūta
M
Māgadha

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how royal legitimacy and ethical authority are framed through revered tradition (śruti) and lineage connected to the divine; it also highlights the cultural role of bards (Sūta, Māgadha) in preserving and proclaiming a king’s dharmic fame.

Bhīṣma explains a traditional account about King Pṛthu’s divine-linked genealogy and notes that two praise-singers, Sūta and Māgadha, were born even before Pṛthu, as if appointed in advance to celebrate his deeds and establish his renown.