Shloka 19

Devanagari script

आहूतेन रणे नित्यं योद्धव्यं क्षत्रबन्धुना । धर्म्य स्वर्ग्य च लोक्यं च युद्ध हि मनुरब्रवीत्‌

Transliteration

āhūtena raṇe nityaṃ yoddhavyaṃ kṣatrabandhunā | dharmyaṃ svargyaṃ ca lokyaṃ ca yuddhaṃ hi manur abravīt ||

Translation

রণে আহ্বান করা হলে ক্ষত্রিয়কে সর্বদা যুদ্ধের জন্য প্রস্তুত থাকতে হয়। মনু বলেছেন—ক্ষত্রিয়ের জন্য যুদ্ধ ধর্ম্য, স্বর্গপ্রদ এবং লোকের মধ্যে যশদায়ক।

Word by Word

• आहूतेन: when challenged/called (to battle)
• आहूतेन: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आहूत (√ह्वा)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य

• योद्धव्यम्: must be fought / one must fight
• योद्धव्यम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: Gerundive (Anīyar/ya), Passive sense, Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• क्षत्रबन्धुना: by a kṣatriya (lit. kṣatra-kinsman)
• क्षत्रबन्धुना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रबन्धु
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• धर्म्यम्: righteous / in accordance with dharma
• धर्म्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• स्वर्ग्यम्: leading to heaven
• स्वर्ग्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वर्ग्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• लोक्यम्: worldly / bringing fame among people
• लोक्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लोक्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• युद्धम्: war/battle
• युद्धम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• हि: indeed/for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• मनुः: Manu
• मनुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अब्रवीत्: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Manu

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A kṣatriya is obligated to accept a battle challenge and fight; such warfare is presented as duty-aligned (dharmya), merit-giving (svargya), and reputation-building (lokya), supported by Manu’s authority.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhīṣma advises on the warrior code, citing Manu to justify why a kṣatriya should not shrink from a duly issued combat challenge.