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Shloka 11

Śānti Parva Adhyāya 43 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Stuti of Kṛṣṇa

Assembly Hymn of Many Names

सम्राड्‌ विराट्‌ स्वराट्‌ चैव सुरराजो भवोद्धव: । विभुर्भूरतिभू: कृष्ण: कृष्णवर्त्मा त्वमेव च

samrāḍ virāṭ svarāṭ caiva surarājo bhavoddhavaḥ | vibhur bhūr atibhūḥ kṛṣṇaḥ kṛṣṇavartmā tvam eva ca ||

বৈশম্পায়ন বললেন— আপনি সম্রাট, বিরাট, স্বরাট এবং দেবরাজ ইন্দ্র; এই জগৎ আপনার থেকেই উদ্ভূত এবং আপনার মধ্যেই প্রতিষ্ঠিত। আপনি সর্বব্যাপী প্রভু, নিত্য সত্তার আধার, রূপাতীত পরমেশ্বর। আপনিই কৃষ্ণ—যিনি সকলকে নিজের দিকে আকর্ষণ করেন—এবং কৃষ্ণবর্ত্মা—অগ্নিময় তেজস্বী পথ—ও বটে; সত্যই এ সবই আপনি।

सम्राट्universal monarch
सम्राट्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसम्राज् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विराट्the Vast/Universal (Virāṭ)
विराट्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविराज्/विराट् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वराट्self-ruler, independent sovereign
स्वराट्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वराज्/स्वराट् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सुरराजःking of the gods (Indra)
सुरराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुरराज (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवोद्भवःsource/origin of existence (of the world)
भवोद्भवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभवोद्भव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विभुःall-pervading, mighty
विभुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविभु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूःearth; being/existence
भूः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभू (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अतिभूःtranscending being; exceedingly existent
अतिभूः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअतिभू (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृष्णःKṛṣṇa
कृष्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृष्णवर्त्माone whose path/track is dark (epithet; also used of fire/smoke-trailing fire)
कृष्णवर्त्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्णवर्त्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative, Singular
एवindeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
I
Indra
K
Kṛṣṇa
A
Agni (implied by kṛṣṇavartmā)
V
Virāṭ (cosmic form/epithet)
S
Svarāṭ (epithet)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches the unity of divine reality: the one Supreme is praised as simultaneously cosmic (Virāṭ), self-sovereign (Svarāṭ), ruler of the gods (Indra), the source of the universe, and the formless, all-pervading ground of being—implying that many divine names and functions ultimately refer to one reality.

In the Śānti Parva’s reflective setting, Vaiśampāyana reports a hymn-like praise in which the addressed deity is exalted through a chain of epithets, identifying him with major cosmic and Vedic powers (Indra, Agni) and with Kṛṣṇa, to emphasize supreme lordship and the origin of the world.