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Shloka 39

Prāyaścitta and Contextual Non-Culpability (प्रायश्चित्त-निमित्त-अदोषवाद)

स्त्रीशूद्रं पतितं चापि नाभिभाषेद्‌ व्रतान्वित: । पापान्यज्ञानत: कृत्वा मुच्येदेवंत्रतो द्विज:

strīśūdraṁ patitaṁ cāpi nābhibhāṣed vratānvitaḥ | pāpāny ajñānataḥ kṛtvā mucyedevam̐vrato dvijaḥ ||

ব্যাস বললেন—এই ব্রতে নিয়োজিত দ্বিজের উচিত নারী, শূদ্র ও পতিত বলে গণ্য ব্যক্তির সঙ্গে কথাবার্তা না বলা। এভাবে ব্রত পালন করলে সে অজ্ঞতাবশত কৃত পাপ থেকে মুক্ত হয়।

स्त्रीwoman
स्त्री:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
शूद्रम्a Shudra
शूद्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पतितम्a fallen/outcaste person
पतितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपतित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अभिभाषेत्should speak to/address
अभिभाषेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-भाष्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
व्रतwith a vow/observance
व्रत:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अन्वितःendowed with; observing
अन्वितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्वित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पापानिsins/evil deeds
पापानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अज्ञानतःthrough ignorance; unknowingly
अज्ञानतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअज्ञानतः
कृत्वाhaving done/committed
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
मुच्येतwould be released/freed
मुच्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootमुच्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
एवम्thus/in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
व्रततःfrom/through this vow (as the means)
व्रततः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
द्विजःa twice-born (Brahmin/Kshatriya/Vaishya)
द्विजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
D
dvija
S
strī
Ś
śūdra
P
patita
V
vrata

Educational Q&A

That sins committed unintentionally (through ignorance) can be expiated through a disciplined vow emphasizing restraint in speech and conduct; the verse presents regulated behavior as a means of purification for a dvija.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and expiation, Vyāsa describes a specific observance (vrata) and states its result: the observer avoids certain interactions and thereby becomes freed from sins done in ignorance.