Shloka 19
Adhyāya 241: Guṇa-sṛṣṭi, Kṣetrajña-sākṣitva, and Śama through Ātma-jñāna (गुणसृष्टिः, क्षेत्रज्ञसाक्षित्वं, शमः)
Devanagari script
तमो रजश्न सत्वं च विद्धि जीवगुणात्मकम् | जीवमात्मगुणं विद्यादात्मानं परमात्मन:
Translation
তম, রজ ও সত্ত্ব—এই তিনটিকে জীবের গুণরূপ বলে জানো। জীবকে আত্মার গুণ বলে বুঝো; আর আত্মাকে পরমাত্মার (অংশ/স্বরূপ) বলে জানো।
Word by Word
तमःtamas (darkness/inertia)
तमः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रजःrajas (activity/passion)
रजः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
सत्त्वम्sattva (clarity/goodness)
सत्त्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
विद्धिknow (you should know)
विद्धि:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
जीवगुणात्मकम्having the nature of the jīva's guṇas / constituted of jīva-guṇas
जीवगुणात्मकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootजीव-गुण-आत्मक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जीवम्the individual soul (jīva)
जीवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजीव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मगुणम्a quality/attribute of the self
आत्मगुणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्-गुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विद्यात्should know / may know
विद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
आत्मानम्the self
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परमात्मनःof the Supreme Self (Paramātman)
परमात्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootपरम-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes