Shloka 1
Adhyāya 241: Guṇa-sṛṣṭi, Kṣetrajña-sākṣitva, and Śama through Ātma-jñāna (गुणसृष्टिः, क्षेत्रज्ञसाक्षित्वं, शमः)
अपन बक। है २ >> एकचत्वारिशर्दाधिकद्विशततमो< ध्याय: कर्म और ज्ञानका अन्तर तथा ब्रह्माप्राप्तिके उपायका वर्णन शुक उवाच यदिदं वेदवचनं कुरु कर्म त्यजेति च । कां दिशं विद्यया यान्ति कां च गच्छन्ति कर्मणा
Śuka uvāca: yad idaṃ vedavacanaṃ kuru karma tyajeti ca | kāṃ diśaṃ vidyayā yānti kāṃ ca gacchanti karmaṇā ||
শুক বললেন—পিতাজি! বেদে ‘কর্ম কর’ এবং ‘কর্ম ত্যাগ কর’—এমন দুই প্রকার বাণী পাওয়া যায়। আমি জানতে চাই: বিদ্যা (জ্ঞান) দ্বারা কর্ম ত্যাগ করলে মানুষ কোন দিশা বা অবস্থায় গমন করে? আর কর্ম করলে তারা কোন গতি বা গন্তব্য লাভ করে?
शुक उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames a classic Vedic tension: some passages enjoin ritual and duty (karma), while others praise renunciation (tyāga) grounded in knowledge (vidyā). Śuka asks how these two paths differ in their respective outcomes—worldly/heavenly attainments through action versus liberation-oriented attainment through knowledge.
Śuka, the son-disciple, questions his father (implicitly Vyāsa) about apparently conflicting Vedic instructions. He seeks a clear account of the ‘destinations’ reached by those who renounce action through knowledge and by those who pursue action as prescribed duty.