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Shloka 38

Yoga-kṛtya (योककृत्य) — Vyāsa on Sense-Restraint, Obstacles, and Brahman-Realization

सधर्मव्रतसंयोगं यथाधर्म युगे युगे । विक्रियन्ते स्वधर्मस्था वेदवादा यथागमम्‌

sadharmavratasaṃyogaṃ yathā dharma yuge yuge | vikriyante svadharmasthā vedavādā yathāgamam ||

ব্যাস বললেন—প্রত্যেক যুগে ধর্ম ও ব্রতাচরণের সংযোগ সেই যুগের ধর্মানুসারেই রূপ পায়। কিন্তু যুগে যুগে ধর্ম ক্ষয় হলে, বেদবাক্য উচ্চারণকারী ও স্বধর্মে স্থিত পুরুষেরাও শাস্ত্রবিধান অনুযায়ী পরিবর্তিত কালের অনুরূপ বিকারপ্রাপ্ত হয়।

सधर्मव्रतसंयोगम्the conjunction/combination with (proper) dharma and vows
सधर्मव्रतसंयोगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस-धर्म-व्रत-संयोग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथाas, according to
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युगेin an age (yuga)
युगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
युगेin an age (yuga)
युगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
विक्रियन्तेare altered/changed, become modified
विक्रियन्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि+कृ
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
स्वधर्मस्थाःstanding in/abiding by their own dharma
स्वधर्मस्थाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वधर्मस्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वेदवादाःVeda-proclaimers; those who speak according to the Veda
वेदवादाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवेदवाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यथाas, according to
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
आगमम्tradition/scriptural authority
आगमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआगम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
Y
yuga (the ages)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is not presented as a single unchanging social expression across all ages; rather, practices like vows and ritual life align with the dharma appropriate to each yuga. As the yugas progress and dharma diminishes, even sincere, Veda-aligned people are affected by that shift and must follow what scripture prescribes for the altered conditions.

Vyāsa is explaining a yuga-based framework of ethical and religious life: how righteous practice appears in each age and how the decline of dharma across yugas leads to changes in conduct, even among those devoted to svadharma and Vedic authority.