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Shloka 4

श्रीशक्रसंवादः — The Dialogue of Śrī

Lakṣmī) and Śakra (Indra

भीष्म उवाच मासपक्षोपवासेन मन्यन्ते यत्‌ तपो जना: । आत्मतन्त्रोपघातस्तु न तपस्तत्सतां मतम्‌

bhīṣma uvāca māsa-pakṣopavāsena manyante yat tapo janāḥ | ātma-tantro-paghātas tu na tapas tat satāṃ matam ||

ভীষ্ম বললেন—হে রাজন! সাধারণ লোকেরা মাসব্যাপী বা পক্ষকাল উপবাসকেই তপস্যা মনে করে। কিন্তু যখন তা নিজের দেহকে স্বেচ্ছায় কষ্ট দেওয়ার রূপ ধারণ করে, তখন সজ্জনদের মতে তা সত্য তপস্যা নয়।

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मासmonth
मास:
TypeNoun
Rootमास
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), Singular
पक्षfortnight
पक्ष:
TypeNoun
Rootपक्ष
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), Singular
उपवासेनby fasting
उपवासेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootउपवास
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
मन्यन्तेthink/consider
मन्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPresent (Laṭ), 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada
यत्which/that (as)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आत्मself
आत्म:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), Singular
तन्त्रcontrol/discipline
तन्त्र:
TypeNoun
Rootतन्त्र
FormNeuter, Stem (in compound), Singular
उपघातःinjury/affliction
उपघातः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपघात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सताम्of the good/virtuous
सताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
मतम्opinion/view
मतम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Bhishma distinguishes genuine tapas (disciplined, dharmic self-restraint) from mere extreme fasting that damages the body; the wise do not call self-harming practices ‘austerity’.

In Bhishma’s instruction during the Shanti Parva, he advises the king on the nature of true religious discipline, correcting a common belief that long fasts alone constitute tapas.