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Shloka 47

Adhyāya 166: Kṛtaghna-doṣa (कृतघ्नदोषः) — the fault of ingratitude and the limits of expiation

सुरापो वारुणीमुष्णां पीत्वा पापाद्‌ विमुच्यते

bhīṣma uvāca | surāpo vāruṇīm uṣṇāṃ pītvā pāpād vimucyate |

ভীষ্ম বললেন—যে সুরাপানের দোষে দুষ্ট, সে অত্যন্ত উত্তপ্ত বারুণী পান করলে পাপমুক্ত বলে গণ্য হয়। অর্থ এই যে, সেই তীব্র দাহজনিত যন্ত্রণা—অথবা তাতে মৃত্যু—প্রায়শ্চিত্তরূপে বিবেচিত; এমন শুদ্ধির পরেই সে শুদ্ধ লোক লাভের যোগ্য হয়, নচেৎ নয়।

सुरापःa drinker of liquor
सुरापः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुराप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वारुणीम्Varuṇī (a kind of liquor)
वारुणीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवारुणी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उष्णाम्hot, heated
उष्णाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउष्ण
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पीत्वाhaving drunk
पीत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootपा (पिबति)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
पापात्from sin
पापात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
विमुच्यतेis released, is freed
विमुच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + मुच्
FormPresent (Lat), Passive (Karmani), Third, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
V
vāruṇī (intoxicant)
S
surā (liquor)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents a harsh prāyaścitta (expiation) for the sin of drinking liquor: intense physical suffering (symbolized by drinking scalding vāruṇī, even to the point of death) is portrayed as a means of purification, after which one becomes eligible for ‘pure worlds’; without expiation, one is not.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma is teaching Yudhiṣṭhira about rules of conduct and expiations. Here he cites a specific expiatory rule concerning the liquor-drinker and the conditions under which purification is considered complete.