Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 18

Śaraṇāgata-Atithi-Dharma in the Kapota Narrative (कपोत-आख्यानम्—शरणागतधर्मः)

उपशुष्कजलस्थाया विनिवृत्तसभाप्रपा । निवृत्तयज्ञस्वाध्याया निर्वषट्कारमज्ला

upaśuṣka-jala-sthāyā vinivṛtta-sabhā-prapā | nivṛtta-yajña-svādhyāyā nirvaṣaṭkāram aṅgalā ||

ভীষ্ম বললেন—দেশের জলস্রোত শুকিয়ে গিয়েছিল; সভাগৃহ ও পথিকদের জলপান-স্থল পরিত্যক্ত হয়ে পড়েছিল। যজ্ঞ ও বেদাধ্যয়ন লুপ্ত হয়েছিল; আহুতিতে ‘বষট্’ ধ্বনি আর শোনা যেত না; মঙ্গলকর্ম ও উৎসব-আনন্দ বিলীন হয়ে গিয়েছিল। জলের অভাবে কৃষি ও গোরক্ষা ভেঙে পড়ে; হাট-বাজার বন্ধ হয়ে যায়; যূপগুলি অনাবশ্যক হয়ে দাঁড়ায় এবং মহোৎসবসমূহ ধ্বংস হয়।

उपशुष्कdried up
उपशुष्क:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootउप-शुष्क (शुष्क)
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
जलस्थायाin the water-reservoir/pond (lit. water-place)
जलस्थाया:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजलस्था
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
विनिवृत्तceased, stopped
विनिवृत्त:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-नि-√वृत् (विनिवृत्त)
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
सभाप्रपाpublic hall and water-shed/drinking-fountain (charity water-station)
सभाप्रपा:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसभाप्रपा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
निवृत्तstopped, discontinued
निवृत्त:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-√वृत् (निवृत्त)
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
यज्ञस्वाध्यायाof sacrifice and Vedic study
यज्ञस्वाध्याया:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञस्वाध्याय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
निर्वषट्कारम्devoid of vaṣaṭ-calls (ritual exclamations)
निर्वषट्कारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्वषट्कार
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अज्लाunclear reading; possibly a noun describing the condition/state
अज्ला:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअज्ला (पाठभेद/अस्पष्ट)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
sabhā (assembly halls)
P
prapā (public drinking stations)
Y
yajña (sacrifices)
S
svādhyāya (Vedic study)
V
vaṣaṭkāra (ritual exclamation)
Y
yūpa (sacrificial post)

Educational Q&A

The verse links ecological and civic breakdown (drought, abandoned public utilities) with moral and dharmic decline: when society neglects yajña (public-spirited sacred duty) and svādhyāya (discipline of learning), auspicious culture and communal welfare collapse, symbolized by the silence of the vaṣaṭ-cry and the end of festivals.

Bhishma is describing a time of severe deterioration: water sources dry up, public halls and water-stations are deserted, sacrifices and Vedic recitation stop, and with that the broader economy and social life—agriculture, cattle-care, markets, and major celebrations—falls into ruin.