Shloka 41

Devanagari script

तेषामापततां तत्र संहृष्टानां परस्परम्‌ । सम्मर्द: सुमहान्‌ जज्ञे घोररूपो भयानक:,परस्पर हर्षमें भरकर एक-दूसरेपर आक्रमण करनेवाले उभयपक्षके सैनिकोंका वह घोर एवं महान्‌ संघर्ष बड़ा भयंकर हुआ

Transliteration

teṣām āpatatāṁ tatra saṁhṛṣṭānāṁ parasparam | sammardaḥ sumahān jajñe ghorarūpo bhayānakaḥ ||

Translation

সঞ্জয় বললেন— সেখানে উল্লাসে উন্মত্ত হয়ে পরস্পরের ওপর ঝাঁপিয়ে পড়া উভয় পক্ষের সৈন্যদের মধ্যে এক ভয়ংকর, মহাসংঘর্ষ জন্ম নিল—রূপে ঘোর, প্রকৃতিতে আতঙ্কজনক।

Word by Word

तेषाम्of them

आपतताम्of (those) attacking / rushing upon

तत्रthere

संहृष्टानाम्of the delighted (ones)

परस्परम्one another / mutually

सम्मर्दःcrush, melee, close combat

सुमहान्very great

जज्ञेarose / occurred

घोररूपःof dreadful form

भयानकःterrifying

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

ubhayapakṣa-sainikāḥ (soldiers of both sides)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how exhilaration and mutual antagonism in war rapidly intensify into a terrifying, uncontrollable melee, implicitly warning that unchecked passions (harṣa/utsāha joined with hatred) magnify suffering and obscure dharmic restraint.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes both armies charging at each other with excitement; their collision produces a massive, chaotic close-quarters battle (sammarda) that is horrific and frightening.