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Shloka 39

Book 9 (Śalya-parva), Adhyāya 13 — Arjuna’s Arrow-storm and the Drauṇi Confrontation

(अहं मद्भ्रातरश्नैव सात्यकिश्न महारथ: । पज्चाला: सृञ्जयाश्वैव न शक्ता: सम हि मद्रपम्‌ ।। निहनिष्यति चैवाद्य मातुलो5स्मान्‌ महाबल: । गोविन्दवचनं सत्यं कथं भवति कि त्विदम्‌ ।।) मैं, मेरे भाई, महारथी सात्यकि तथा पांचाल और सूंजय योद्धा सब मिलकर भी मद्रराज शल्यको पराजित करनेमें समर्थ नहीं हो रहे हैं। जान पड़ता है ये महाबली मामा आज हमलोगोंका वध कर डालेंगे। फिर भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णकी यह बात (कि शल्य मेरे हाथसे मारे जायँगे) कैसे सिद्ध होगी?'। ततः सरथनागाश्चा: पाण्डवा: पाण्डुपूर्वज । मद्रराजं समासेदु: पीडयन्त: समन्ततः

sañjaya uvāca |

ahaṃ mad-bhrātaraś caiva sātyakiś ca mahārathaḥ |

pāñcālāḥ sṛñjayāś caiva na śaktāḥ sama hi madrāpam ||

nihaniṣyati caivādya mātulo ’smān mahābalaḥ |

govinda-vacanaṃ satyaṃ kathaṃ bhavati ki tv idam ||

tataḥ sa-ratha-nāgāś ca pāṇḍavāḥ pāṇḍu-pūrvaja |

madrarājaṃ samāseduḥ pīḍayantaḥ samantataḥ ||

‘আমি, আমার ভ্রাতারা, মহারথী সাত্যকি, এবং পাঞ্চাল ও সৃঞ্জয়—সবাই মিলেও সমরে মদ্ররাজ শল্যের সমকক্ষ হতে পারছি না। মনে হচ্ছে এই মহাবলী মামা আজ আমাদের বধ করবেন। তবে গোবিন্দের বচন—“শল্য আমার হাতে নিহত হবে”—কীভাবে সত্য হবে? এ কী!’ এরপর পাণ্ডবেরা রথ ও গজসহ মদ্ররাজের দিকে ধেয়ে এসে চারদিক থেকে তাকে পীড়িত করতে লাগল।

अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
मत्of me / my
मत्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
भ्रातरःbrothers
भ्रातरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सात्यकिःSatyaki
सात्यकिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महारथःgreat chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाञ्चालाःthe Panchalas
पाञ्चालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सृञ्जयाःthe Srinjayas
सृञ्जयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसृञ्जय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शक्ताःable
शक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समम्together / equally
समम्:
TypeIndeclinable/Adverb
Rootसम
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
मद्रपम्the Madra lord (Shalya)
मद्रपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निहनिष्यतिwill slay
निहनिष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवsurely
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अद्यtoday
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
मातुलःmaternal uncle
मातुलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमातुल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्मान्us
अस्मान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Plural
महाबलःvery strong / mighty
महाबलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गोविन्द-वचनम्Govinda's statement
गोविन्द-वचनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगोविन्दवचन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सत्यम्true
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
भवतिbecomes / comes to be
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent (Laṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
किम्what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
इदम्this
इदम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Sātyaki
P
Pāṇḍavas
P
Pāñcālas
S
Sṛñjayas
Ś
Śalya (Madrarāja, Madrapa)
G
Govinda (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
M
Madra (kingdom)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights the ethical and spiritual tension between immediate battlefield appearances and trust in a righteous promise: even when human strength seems insufficient, the narrative insists that Govinda’s word must become true, pointing to the Mahābhārata theme that truth (satya) and ordained outcomes can prevail beyond visible odds.

In the midst of the fight, the speaker expresses alarm that even a combined force (the narrator’s side with Sātyaki, the Pāñcālas, and the Sṛñjayas) cannot overcome Śalya, the king of Madra. Fearing imminent defeat, he questions how Kṛṣṇa’s prediction that Śalya will be slain by a particular hand can be fulfilled. Immediately after, the Pāṇḍavas advance with chariots and elephants and surround Śalya from all directions.