Shloka 93
Sauptika Parva, Adhyaya 8 — Dhṛṣṭadyumna-vadha and the Camp’s Nocturnal Rout
Devanagari script
।। तस्मिंस्तथा वर्तमाने रक्षांसि पुरुषर्षभ
Transliteration
tasmiṃs tathā vartamāne rakṣāṃsi puruṣarṣabha
Translation
সঞ্জয় বললেন—যখন সব কিছু এভাবেই চলছিল, হে পুরুষশ্রেষ্ঠ, তখন রাক্ষসেরা সক্রিয় হয়ে উঠল।
Word by Word
तस्मिन्in that (situation/place/time)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
वर्तमानेwhile (it/he) was happening/going on
वर्तमाने:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
रक्षांसिthe Rakshasas/demons
रक्षांसि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
पुरुषर्षभO bull among men (best of men)
पुरुषर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषर्षभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaR
rākṣasasCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse signals how, when violence and disorder prevail—especially in the moral darkness of night—inauspicious and destructive forces are said to gain scope. It frames the episode as ethically degraded, not merely militarily strategic.
Sañjaya marks a transition: as events continue in the described manner, rākṣasas are mentioned as becoming present/active, heightening the ominous atmosphere around the nocturnal actions central to the Sauptika Parva.