Shloka 91
Devanagari script
तत् प्रकीर्णरथाश्वेभ॑ं नरवाजिसमाकुलम्
Transliteration
tat prakīrṇarathāśvebhaṁ naravājisamākulam
Translation
Sañjaya said: “That battlefield became a scattered chaos of chariots and horses, crowded and choked with men and steeds.”
Word by Word
तत्that (it/that place/that army)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
प्रकीर्ण-रथ-अश्वेभम्strewn with chariots and horses
प्रकीर्ण-रथ-अश्वेभम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रकीर्ण + रथ + अश्व
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
नर-वाजि-समाकुलम्crowded with men and horses
नर-वाजि-समाकुलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनर + वाजिन्/वाजि + समाकुल
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
C
chariots (ratha)H
horses/steeds (aśva, vāji)M
men/warriors (nara)B
battlefield scene (implied by context)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse underscores the moral and human cost of war through imagery of disarray—when dharma collapses into armed conflict, the ordered structures of society (symbolized by disciplined chariots and cavalry) dissolve into confusion and suffering.
Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the combat zone has become a tumultuous scene: chariots and horses lie scattered, and the area is densely crowded with warriors and steeds, conveying the intensity and disorder of the fighting.