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Shloka 19

अभिमन्यु–अलम्बुसयुद्धम् / The Duel of Abhimanyu and Alambusa

with Arjuna’s approach to Bhīṣma

स गाढविद्धो व्यथितो वयोवृद्धश्च भारत । प्रणष्टसंज्ञ: सहसा रथोपस्थ उपाविशत्‌,भरतनन्दन! उन बाणोंसे उन्हें गहरा आघात लगा। वे वयोवृद्ध तो थे ही, सहसा व्यथित एवं अचेत होकर रथके पिछले भागमें बैठ गये

sa gāḍhaviddho vyathito vayovṛddhaś ca bhārata | praṇaṣṭasaṃjñaḥ sahasā rathopasthe upāviśat ||

হে ভারতনন্দন! সেই গভীর আঘাতে এবং বার্ধক্যের ভারে তিনি ব্যথায় কাতর হয়ে হঠাৎ সংজ্ঞা হারালেন; রথের পশ্চাৎভাগে ঢলে পড়ে বসে গেলেন।

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गाढ-विद्धःdeeply pierced/wounded
गाढ-विद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगाढ (adj) + √व्यध् (विध्) (to pierce)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यथितःpained, distressed
व्यथितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Root√व्यथ् (to be pained) / व्यथित (ppp)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वयो-वृद्धःadvanced in age, aged
वयो-वृद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवयस् + वृद्ध (ppp/adj)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun (proper/vocative)
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रणष्ट-संज्ञःhaving lost consciousness
प्रणष्ट-संज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रणष्ट (ppp of √नश्, to perish) + संज्ञा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहसाsuddenly
सहसा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
रथ-उपस्थेon/in the seat (rear/space) of the chariot
रथ-उपस्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ + उपस्थ
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
उपाविशत्sat down
उपाविशत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-√विश् (to sit)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)
R
ratha (chariot)
B
bāṇa (arrows, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the inevitability of bodily vulnerability and suffering in warfare: age and physical limits can overwhelm even a warrior, reminding the listener that violence carries immediate human costs and that strength is not absolute.

Sañjaya reports that a warrior, grievously pierced by arrows and being elderly, is suddenly overcome by pain, loses consciousness, and collapses into a seated position on the rear/seat area of the chariot.