Shloka 116

Vāsudeva-Māhātmya: Duryodhana’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Theological Account of Keśava

Devanagari script

ततो दिश: सो<नुदिशकश्न पार्थ: शरै: सुधारै: समरे वितत्य । गाण्डीवशब्देन मनांसि तेषां किरीटमाली व्यथयाञज्चकार

Transliteration

tato diśaḥ so’nudiśaś ca pārthaḥ śaraiḥ sudhāraiḥ samare vitatya | gāṇḍīvaśabdena manāṃsi teṣāṃ kirīṭamālī vyathayāṃ cakāra ||

Translation

এরপর পার্থ অর্জুন তীক্ষ্ণধার তীরে সমরক্ষেত্রে সকল দিক ও অন্তর্দিক আচ্ছাদিত করলেন; আর গাণ্ডীবের গর্জনময় টঙ্কারে কিরীটধারী শত্রুদের মনে গভীর ব্যথা ও আতঙ্ক সঞ্চার করলেন।

Word by Word

• ततः: thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः
• Form: indeclinable (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereupon')

• दिशः: directions
• दिशः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश्
• Form: feminine, accusative, plural

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• अनुदिशः: intermediate directions (quarters)
• अनुदिशः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुदिश्
• Form: feminine, accusative, plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: indeclinable

• पार्थः: Arjuna (son of Pritha)
• पार्थः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• शरैः: with arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: masculine, instrumental, plural

• सुधारैः: well-pointed / sharp-edged
• सुधारैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुधार
• Form: masculine, instrumental, plural (agreeing with शरैः)

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर
• Form: masculine, locative, singular

• वितत्य: having spread/covered
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-तन्
• Form: absolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), indeclinable; from √तन् with prefix वि-

• गाण्डीवशब्देन: by the sound (twang) of the Gāṇḍīva
• गाण्डीवशब्देन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गाण्डीव-शब्द
• Form: masculine, instrumental, singular

• मनांसि: minds
• मनांसि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्
• Form: neuter, accusative, plural

• तेषाम्: of them (the Kauravas)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, plural

• किरीटमाली: the crown-wearing one
• किरीटमाली: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: किरीट-मालिन्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• व्यथयाञ्चकार: caused distress / afflicted
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्यथयाम्-चकार (कृ)
• Form: periphrastic perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Pārtha (Arjuna)
• Gāṇḍīva (bow)
• Kauravas (implied by 'teṣām' in context)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ideal of resolute action in a dharma-yuddha: disciplined skill and unwavering courage can shape not only the physical battle but also the moral and psychological landscape, testing the opponents’ steadiness of mind.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes Arjuna unleashing a dense spread of sharp arrows that seems to fill every direction on the battlefield; simultaneously, the loud twang of his bow Gāṇḍīva intimidates and unsettles the enemy warriors (the Kaurava side).