Shloka 31
सैन्यसंनिवेशः (Sainyasaṃniveśaḥ) — Deployment, Omens, and Yuddha-Dharma Conventions
एकेन सह संयुक्त: प्रपन्नो विमुखस्तथा । क्षीणशस्त्रो विवर्मा च न हन्तव्य: कदाचन,जो एकके साथ युद्धमें लगा हो, शरणमें आया हो, पीठ दिखाकर भागा हो और जिसके अस्त्र-शस्त्र और कवच कट गये हों; ऐसे मनुष्यको कदापि न मारा जाय
ekena saha saṁyuktaḥ prapanno vimukhas tathā | kṣīṇaśastro vivarmā ca na hantavyaḥ kadācana ||
যে কেবল একজন প্রতিদ্বন্দ্বীর সঙ্গে যুদ্ধে যুক্ত, অথবা শরণাগত, অথবা পিঠ দেখিয়ে পলায়নরত, এবং যার অস্ত্র ক্ষয়প্রাপ্ত ও বর্মহীন—এমন ব্যক্তিকে কখনও হত্যা করা উচিত নয়।
वैशग्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The core teaching is dharma-yuddha (righteous warfare): do not kill an opponent who is effectively helpless—one fighting only a single duel, one who has surrendered, one who is fleeing with his back turned, or one who is disarmed and without armour.
In the opening of Bhīṣma Parva, Vaiśaṃpāyana recounts norms and codes governing conduct in battle. This verse lists specific categories of combatants who must be spared, framing the Kurukṣetra war within an ethical rule-set even amid violence.