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Shloka 45

Brahma-vidyā: Satya–Tapas and the Enumeration of Tattvas

Arjuna–Vāsudeva framed dialogue

एतेषां पृथगध्यास्ते यो धर्म संशितव्रत: । कालात्‌ पश्यति भूतानां सदैव प्रभवाप्ययौ

eteṣāṃ pṛthag adhyāste yo dharmaḥ saṃśitavrataḥ | kālāt paśyati bhūtānāṃ sadaiva prabhavāpyayau ||

বায়ু বললেন—এগুলির মধ্যে যে ব্যক্তি তীক্ষ্ণ ও দৃঢ় ব্রত ধারণ করে কোনো এক ধর্মাচরণকে পৃথকভাবে অবলম্বন করে, সে কালের প্রবাহে সকল প্রাণীর চিরন্তন উৎপত্তি ও লয়—জন্ম ও মৃত্যু—প্রত্যক্ষভাবে দেখতে পায়।

एतेषाम्of these
एतेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
पृथक्separately
पृथक्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
अध्याःchapters/sections (lessons)
अध्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअध्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःdharma, duty
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संशितव्रतःone of sharpened/firm vows (austere)
संशितव्रतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंशित-व्रत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कालात्from time; in due course
कालात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
पश्यतिsees
पश्यति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√पश् (दृश्-अर्थे)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भूतानाम्of beings
भूतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
सदैवalways
सदैव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा-एव
प्रभवाप्ययौorigin and dissolution (birth and death)
प्रभवाप्ययौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभव-अप्यय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)

Educational Q&A

Steadfast adherence to a chosen dharmic discipline (vrata) matures into clear insight: over time one perceives the universal law of impermanence—the continual birth and death of beings—thus grounding ethics in a sober awareness of Kāla (Time).

Vāyudeva is explaining the fruit of practicing the previously described dharmas: a resolute practitioner who firmly follows any one of them gains, with time, direct perception of the ongoing cycle of origination and dissolution affecting all creatures.