Shloka 49

प्रतिकर्तव्यमित्येवं येन मे हिंसित: पिता । शज्धिणं हेतुमात्रं यः कृत्वा दग्ध्वा च पार्थिवम्‌,जनमेजयने कहा--मन्त्रियो! मेरे पिताके स्वर्गलोकगमनके विषयमें आपलोगोंका यह वचन सुनकर मैंने अपनी बुद्धिद्वारा जो कर्तव्य निश्चित किया है, उसे आप सुन लें। मेरा विचार है, उस दुरात्मा तक्षकसे तुरंत बदला लेना चाहिये, जिसने शृंगी ऋषिको निमित्तमात्र बनाकर स्वयं ही मेरे पिता महाराजको अपनी विषाग्निसे दग्ध करके मारा है

pratikartavyam ity evaṁ yena me hiṁsitaḥ pitā | śṛṅgiṇaṁ hetumātraṁ yaḥ kṛtvā dagdhvā ca pārthivam ||

“যে আমার পিতাকে আঘাত করেছে, তার বিরুদ্ধে অবশ্যই প্রতিকার করা উচিত—সে ঋষি শৃঙ্গিনকে কেবল নিমিত্ত করে স্বয়ং রাজাকে দগ্ধ করে হত্যা করেছে।”

प्रतिकर्तव्यम्to be retaliated / retaliation to be done
प्रतिकर्तव्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रति√कृ (कर्तव्य)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवम्in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
येनby whom / by which
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
मेof me / my
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
हिंसितःinjured/killed (having been harmed)
हिंसितः:
TypeVerb
Root√हिंस् (हिंसित)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पिताfather
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शृङ्गिणम्Śṛṅgin (the sage)
शृङ्गिणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशृङ्गिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हेतुमात्रम्a mere instrument/cause
हेतुमात्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहेतु-मात्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving made
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
दग्ध्वाhaving burned
दग्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√दह्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पार्थिवम्the king (earthly ruler)
पार्थिवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

जनमेजय उवाच

J
Janamejaya
P
Parīkṣit
T
Takṣaka
Ś
Śṛṅgin

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights ethical tension between royal justice and personal vengeance: Janamejaya frames retaliation as a duty (pratikartavya), while also recognizing moral causality—Takṣaka is treated as the true agent, and Śṛṅgin as merely an instrument (hetumātra).

After hearing counsel about his father’s death, King Janamejaya declares his resolve to take immediate revenge on the serpent Takṣaka, whom he holds responsible for killing King Parīkṣit by using Śṛṅgin’s curse as a pretext.