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Shloka 23

Portents at the Birth of Diti’s Sons and Hiraṇyākṣa Challenges Varuṇa

स वै तिरोहितान् दृष्ट्वा महसा स्वेन दैत्यराट् । सेन्द्रान्देवगणान् क्षीबानपश्यन् व्यनदद् भृशम् ॥ २३ ॥

sa vai tirohitān dṛṣṭvā mahasā svena daitya-rāṭ sendrān deva-gaṇān kṣībān apaśyan vyanadad bhṛśam

দৈত্যরাজ নিজের মহিমায় ইন্দ্রসহ দেবগণকে অদৃশ্য হয়ে যেতে দেখে—যারা আগে শক্তির মদে মত্ত ছিল—তাদের না পেয়ে প্রবল গর্জন করল।

सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
वैindeed
वै:
Discourse particle (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निश्चयार्थक-निपात (emphatic particle)
तिरोहितान्hidden
तिरोहितान्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतिरस् + हित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √धा/हि? here ‘हित’ from √धा with ni?; lexical ‘तिरोहित’ = hidden)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (देवगणान्)
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदृश् (धातु) + क्त्वा
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)
महसाby (his) might
महसा:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootमहस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
स्वेनhis own
स्वेन:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (महसा)
दैत्यराट्the demon-king
दैत्यराट्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदैत्य + राट् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘दैत्येषु राट्’ (king among demons)
स-इन्द्रान्along with Indra
स-इन्द्रान्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस (अव्यय-उपसर्गार्थ ‘सह’) + इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; अव्ययीभावः ‘इन्द्रेण सह’ → ‘सेन्द्र’ (with Indra)
देवगणान्hosts of gods
देवगणान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव + गण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘देवानां गणाः’
क्षीबान्bewildered/overpowered
क्षीबान्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षीब (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (देवगणान्)
अपश्यन्seeing
अपश्यन्:
Kriya (क्रिया; concomitant)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु) + शतृ
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘पश्यन्’
व्यनदत्roared
व्यनदत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + नद् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
भृशम्loudly/violently
भृशम्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषणम् (adverb)
H
Hiranyaksha
I
Indra
D
Devas

FAQs

Overpowered by the demon’s intimidating splendor and aggression, the devas withdrew and became unseen to him; the verse highlights their bewilderment and his swelling pride.

Hiranyaksha, the king of the Daityas, roars because he cannot find the devas (including Indra) after they vanish, and his frustrated arrogance erupts as anger.

When ego is fueled by temporary power, it turns into agitation and anger; steadiness and humility are safeguards against the blindness that comes from pride.