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Shloka 29

Veṇu-gīta-āhvāna and the Gopīs’ Appeal: The Opening of Rāsa-līlā

कृत्वा मुखान्यव शुच: श्वसनेन शुष्यद्- बिम्बाधराणि चरणेन भुव: लिखन्त्य: । अस्रैरुपात्तमसिभि: कुचकुङ्कुमानि तस्थुर्मृजन्त्य उरुदु:खभरा: स्म तूष्णीम् ॥ २९ ॥

kṛtvā mukhāny ava śucaḥ śvasanena śuṣyad bimbādharāṇi caraṇena bhuvaḥ likhantyaḥ asrair upātta-masibhiḥ kuca-kuṅkumāni tasthur mṛjantya uru-duḥkha-bharāḥ sma tūṣṇīm

তারা মাথা নত করে মুখ নিচু করে দাঁড়াল। ভারী শোকভরা নিশ্বাসে তাদের লাল ঠোঁট শুকিয়ে গেল। পায়ের আঙুল দিয়ে তারা মাটি আঁচড়াতে লাগল। চোখের অশ্রু কাজল বয়ে নিয়ে গেল এবং বক্ষে লাগানো কুঙ্কুম ধুয়ে দিল। এভাবে তারা নীরবে গভীর দুঃখের ভার বহন করে দাঁড়িয়ে রইল।

कृत्वाhaving made
कृत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having done/made’
मुखानिfaces
मुखानि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन; Accusative
अवdown
अव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्ग/अव्यय (preverb/adverb: ‘down/away’)
शुचःsorrows
शुचः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootशुच्/शुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन; Accusative: ‘sorrows/griefs’ (object of कृत्वा: ‘having put down sorrows’)
श्वसनेनby sighing
श्वसनेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootश्वसन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन; Instrumental: ‘by breathing/sighing’
शुष्यत्drying
शुष्यत्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुष् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (present active participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; qualifies बिम्बाधराणि: ‘drying’
बिम्ब-अधराणिbimba-red lips
बिम्ब-अधराणि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootबिम्ब + अधर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘bimba-like lips’
चरणेनwith (their) foot
चरणेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootचरण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन; Instrumental: ‘with the foot’
भुवःthe ground
भुवः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootभू (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; Accusative (Vedic/epic form): ‘the ground/earth’
लिखन्त्यःscratching
लिखन्त्यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootलिख् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (present active participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘scratching/writing’ (qualifies implied गोप्यः)
अस्रैःwith tears
अस्रैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), बहुवचन; Instrumental: ‘with tears’
उपात्त-मसिभिःwith smeared mascara
उपात्त-मसिभिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootउपात्त (√दा क्त) + मसि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘with mascara/collyrium taken up (by tears)’
कुच-कुङ्कुमानिbreast-saffron marks
कुच-कुङ्कुमानि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकुच + कुङ्कुम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘the saffron on the breasts’
तस्थुःstood
तस्थुः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘stood/remained’
मृजन्त्यःwiping off
मृजन्त्यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootमृज् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (present active participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘wiping/cleaning’
उरु-दुःख-भराःburdened with great grief
उरु-दुःख-भराः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootउरु + दुःख + भर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘laden with great sorrow’ (qualifies गोप्यः)
स्मindeed/then
स्म:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्म (अव्यय)
Formस्म-प्रयोग (particle indicating past/narrative emphasis)
तूष्णीम्silently
तूष्णीम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूष्णीम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (adverb): ‘silently’

The gopīs felt, “If Kṛṣṇa has not been conquered by our love, then our love must not be genuine. And if we cannot properly love Kṛṣṇa, what is the use of our lives?” Their reddish lips were drying up because of the hot breathing that arose from their unhappiness. When the hot sun dries ripe red bimba fruits, dark spots appear on them and they grow soft. The beautiful lips of the gopīs similarly changed in appearance. They stood silently before Kṛṣṇa, unable to speak.

G
Gopīs (Vraja-devīs)

FAQs

This verse depicts the gopīs’ intense separation—dry lips, restless breath, tears, and silence—showing that longing for Kṛṣṇa can become an all-consuming, purifying form of devotion.

Their tears and distress blur ordinary adornment; the image conveys how worldly appearance loses meaning when the heart is absorbed in Kṛṣṇa’s absence.

Channel longing into steady remembrance—japa, kīrtana, and hearing Kṛṣṇa-kathā—so emotions become devotion rather than distraction.