Sutra 8
Devanagari script
मुषितं प्रवासितं चैषामनिर्गतं रात्रौ ग्रामस्वामी दद्यात् ॥ कZ_०४.१३.०८ ॥
Transliteration
muṣitaṃ pravāsitaṃ caiṣāmanirgataṃ rātrau grāmasvāmī dadyāt
Translation
রাতে (গ্রাম থেকে) না বেরোনো অবস্থায় তাদের সম্পদ চুরি হলে বা তাদের ক্ষতি হলে, গ্রামস্বামী ক্ষতিপূরণ দেবে।
Word by Word
मुषितम्(property) stolen
मुषितम्:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootमुṣ् (मुष्)
Formकृदन्त; भूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा/द्वितीया (contextually ‘that which has been stolen’)
प्रवासितम्(property) carried away / removed
प्रवासितम्:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootप्र-√वस् (वस्)
Formकृदन्त; भूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्यय; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा/द्वितीया (contextually ‘that which has been carried away/removed’)
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय
एषाम्of these (persons)
एषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (एतद्-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी; बहुवचन; (of these persons)
अनिर्गतम्not brought out / not forthcoming
अनिर्गतम्:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootअन्-निर्-√गम् (गम्)
Formनञ्-पूर्वक; कृदन्त; भूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्यय (understood: ‘न निर्गतम्’ = not gone out/ not produced); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा/द्वितीया
रात्रौat night
रात्रौ:
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; एकवचन; सप्तमी (locative of time)
ग्रामस्वामीthe village head (grama-lord)
ग्रामस्वामी:
TypeNoun
Rootग्राम + स्वामिन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा (कर्ता)
दद्यात्should give / should pay (compensation)
दद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Root√दा (दा)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन
Entities Mentioned
V
village headman (grāmasvāmī)C
caravan merchants/guestsFAQs
A liability rule that incentivizes village leadership to provide effective night security for lodged traders/guests.
It increases trader confidence and stabilizes commerce, indirectly supporting taxation and market activity.