Sutra 30
Devanagari script
यत्स्वं द्रव्यमन्यैर्भुज्यमानं दश वर्षाण्युपेक्षेत हीयेतास्य अन्यत्र बालवृद्धव्याधितव्यसनिप्रोषितदेशत्यागराज्यविभ्रमेभ्यः ॥ कZ_०३.१६.३० ॥
Transliteration
yatsvaṃ dravyamanyairbhujyamānaṃ daśa varṣāṇyupekṣeta hīyetāsya anyatra bālavṛddhavyādhitavyasaniproṣitadeśatyāgarājyavibhramebhyaḥ
Translation
যদি কেউ অন্যদের দ্বারা ভোগ করা নিজের সম্পত্তি দশ বছর অবহেলা করে, তবে তার দাবি লুপ্ত হয়—তবে নাবালকত্ব, বার্ধক্য, রোগ, বিপদ/দুর্দশা, বিদেশে অনুপস্থিতি, স্থানত্যাগ, বা রাজ্যে অস্থিরতা/অরাজকতার কারণে অবহেলা হলে নয়।
Word by Word
यत्whatever/that which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formसर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा/द्वितीया (सन्दर्भे ‘यत् … द्रव्यम्’ इति सम्बन्धः)
स्वम्one’s own
स्वम्:
TypeAdjective/Pronoun
Rootस्व
Formविशेषण/सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया (द्रव्यम् इति विशेष्यस्य)
द्रव्यम्property, asset
द्रव्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootद्रव्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया (उपेक्षेत इत्यस्य कर्म)
अन्यैःby others
अन्यैः:
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
Formपुंलिङ्ग; बहुवचन; तृतीया (कर्तृ/करण-भावे: ‘by others’)
भुज्यमानम्being enjoyed/used (by others)
भुज्यमानम्:
TypeVerb (Participle)
Rootभुज्
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त; कर्मणि; शानच् (भुज्यमान); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया; द्रव्यम् इति विशेषणम्
दशten
दश:
TypeNumeral
Rootदशन्
Formसंख्या; अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः; ‘वर्षाणि’ इति विशेषणम्
वर्षाणिyears
वर्षाणि:
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; बहुवचन; द्वितीया (काल-परिमाणम्)
उपेक्षेतshould neglect/leave unclaimed
उपेक्षेत:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-ईक्ष्
Formलिङ् (विधिलिङ्); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; ‘he should neglect/leave unclaimed’
हीयेतwould be lost/forfeited
हीयेत:
TypeVerb
Rootहा
Formलिङ् (विधिलिङ्); आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; ‘it would be lost/diminished’
अस्यof him/of that person
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formसर्वनाम; पुं/नपुंसक; एकवचन; षष्ठी (सम्बन्धः: ‘of him/of this person’)
अन्यत्रexcept (in cases other than)
अन्यत्र:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यत्र
Formअव्यय; अपवाद-निर्देशे ‘except/otherwise’
बालवृद्धव्याधितव्यसनिप्रोषितदेशत्यागराज्यविभ्रमेभ्यःfrom (i.e., in cases of) minority, old age, illness, calamity/distress, being away (in foreign residence), abandonment of the country, and disorder/confusion of the kingdom
बालवृद्धव्याधितव्यसनिप्रोषितदेशत्यागराज्यविभ्रमेभ्यः:
TypeNoun (Compound)
Root(समास)
Formपुं/नपुंसक-भावे समाहार; बहुवचन; पञ्चमी (अपादान/अपवाद: ‘from/owing to these causes’)
Entities Mentioned
O
ownerP
possessor (others)S
state/kingdom (rājya)FAQs
It stabilizes property relations by discouraging dormant claims and rewarding continuous, visible possession—while preserving fairness through exceptions for incapacity and political disruption.