Sutra 20
Devanagari script
नष्टापहृतमनिवेद्योत्कर्षतः स्वामिनः पूर्वः साहसदण्डः ॥ कZ_०३.१६.२० ॥
Transliteration
naṣṭāpahṛtamanivedyotkarṣataḥ svāminaḥ pūrvaḥ sāhasadaṇḍaḥ
Translation
হারানো বা চুরি হওয়া সম্পত্তি জানানো না হয়ে লাভের জন্য তা খাটানো/বিক্রি করা হলে, মালিক প্রথম-স্তরের সাহসদণ্ডের দায়ী হবে।
Word by Word
नष्टlost (property)
नष्ट:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootनश् (नश्यति)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया; (धनम्/वस्तु) इति अध्याहार्य
अपहृतम्stolen/robbed away (property)
अपहृतम्:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootहृ (हरति) उपसर्गः अप-
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया; (धनम्/वस्तु) इति अध्याहार्य
अनिवेद्यwithout reporting (it)
अनिवेद्य:
TypeGerund (Absolutive)
Rootविद् (वेदयति/निवेदयति) उपसर्गः नि-
Formक्त्वान्त (ल्यप्) अव्यय; न-प्रत्ययेन निषेधः
उत्कर्षतःfor (one’s) gain/advantage; out of self-interest
उत्कर्षतः:
TypeNoun (abstract) used adverbially
Rootउत्कर्ष
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी एकवचन; हेतौ/कारणे ‘because of/for the sake of’ (उत्कर्ष = लाभ/उन्नति)
स्वामिनःof the owner/master
स्वामिनः:
TypeNoun
Rootस्वामिन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी एकवचन
पूर्वःthe first/lesser (grade)
पूर्वः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा; (दण्डः) इति विशेषणम्
साहसदण्डःthe penalty for violence/forcible offence (sāhasa)
साहसदण्डः:
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड (with qualifier साहस)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा; साहसस्य दण्डः / साहस-दण्डः
Entities Mentioned
S
svāmin (owner)S
state authorities (implicitly, to whom reporting is due)FAQs
Non-reporting facilitates laundering/fencing and undermines recovery; the rule creates a compliance incentive and improves traceability in the property registry/enforcement system.