Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 7, Shloka 10

अमात्य-गुणवर्णनम्

The Virtues of Daśaratha’s Ministers and the Order of Governance

Devanagari script

वीराश्च नियतोत्साहा राजशास्त्रमनुष्ठिता: ।शुचीनां रक्षितारश्च नित्यं विषयवासिनाम् ।।।।

Transliteration

vīrāś ca niyatotsāhā rājaśāstram anuṣṭhitāḥ | śucīnāṃ rakṣitāraś ca nityaṃ viṣayavāsinām ||

Translation

তেওঁলোক বীৰ আৰু নিয়ত উৎসাহসম্পন্ন আছিল, ৰাজশাস্ত্ৰৰ নীতি-নিয়ম নিষ্ঠাৰে পালন কৰিছিল; আৰু ৰাজ্যজুৰি বসবাস কৰা শুচি-সজ্জনসকলৰ সদায় ৰক্ষক আছিল।

Word by Word

• वीराः: heroes, valiant men
• वीराः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)

• नियतोत्साहाः: of steady zeal
• नियतोत्साहाः: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नियत + उत्साह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (steady-enthusiasm), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• राजशास्त्रम्: statecraft
• राजशास्त्रम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज + शास्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (royal polity/kingly science), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अनुष्ठिताः: who practiced/followed
• अनुष्ठिताः: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-स्था (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; 'वीराः' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• शुचीनाम्: of the virtuous/pure
• शुचीनाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (collective), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन

• रक्षितारः: protectors
• रक्षितारः: कर्ता (Karta; predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्ष् (धातु) + तृ (प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृदन्त (Agent noun/तृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-निपात

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: काल-अधिकरण (Temporal adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्यम् (अव्यय/नित्य-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb of time)

• विषयवासिनाम्: of the inhabitants of the realm
• विषयवासिनाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive; whose protectors)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विषय + वासिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (those dwelling in the realm), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

Context

They were heroic. They possessed steady perseverance. They followed the state policy and always protected the virtuous people living in the state.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha (context)
• Ayodhyā (context)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A ruler’s administration is dhārmic when it is disciplined (steady effort), guided by rājaśāstra (right policy), and oriented to protecting the good.

What is the narrative situation?

The text continues listing the qualities of Daśaratha’s ministers as a reason for the kingdom’s stability.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steadfastness and protective leadership—courage joined to lawful governance.